Psychology: Harlow and Deci's Experiments
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes Type A behavior?

  • Patient and easygoing approach to challenges
  • Excessive competition drive and impatience (correct)
  • Strong focus on intrinsic rewards without urgency
  • Ability to manage stress with confidence

    • What is the main focus of Theory Y management?

  • Using strict rules to maintain productivity
  • Motivating employees through fear of failure
  • Trusting employees to be self-motivated and responsible (correct)
  • Believing employees need constant supervision

    • What primarily motivates Type X behavior?

  • Intrinsic interests and passion for work
  • Desire for personal growth and mastery
  • Collaboration and teamwork
  • External rewards and recognition (correct)

    • Which statement best describes Type I behavior?

    <p>It can be developed and is driven by intrinsic desires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the reasons fair and adequate pay is essential in a workplace?

    <p>It allows employees to focus on their work instead of financial concerns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the four T's over which individuals should have autonomy to foster Type I behavior?

    <p>Task, Team, Time, Technique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of time do Atlassian employees spend on projects they choose?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company is known for allowing employees to spend 15% of their time on personal projects, leading to the creation of Post-it notes?

    <p>3M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus shift in a nonroutine work environment according to the content?

    <p>From output to input</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reward system does Zappos implement in their call center operations?

    <p>If-then rewards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the aspects of autonomy that contributes to higher job satisfaction in self-organized teams?

    <p>Autonomy over salary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do FedEx days contribute to employee motivation?

    <p>By allowing time for creative projects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the benefits of homeshoring mentioned in the content?

    <p>Greater comfort for employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of flow primarily describe?

    <p>A sense of control and engagement in an activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding mastery?

    <p>Mastery unfolds over a significant period of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Carol Dweck differentiate between performance goals and learning goals?

    <p>Performance goals aim for external validation, while learning goals focus on skill acquisition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is identified as a 'Goldilocks task'?

    <p>A task that balances challenge and simplicity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, the idea of autonomy implies that individuals have different preferences for which of the following?

    <p>Task management styles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What main psychological theory is associated with Carol Dweck's research?

    <p>The theory of fixed mindset vs. growth mindset</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is creating flow-friendly environments in the workplace important?

    <p>It fosters deep engagement and satisfaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'autotelic experiences' as defined by Csikszentmihalyi?

    <p>Experiences where the activity itself is rewarding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of a B corporation?

    <p>To pursue purpose and use profit as a catalyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the MBA Hippocratic Oath?

    <p>A commitment to causes beyond just financial outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the pronoun test, using 'we' instead of 'they', indicate?

    <p>Strong personal investment in the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does spending money relate to happiness, according to the content?

    <p>How money is spent matters more than the amount spent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes extrinsic aspirations?

    <p>Goals based on financial wealth and fame</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one key finding about graduates who pursued intrinsic aspirations?

    <p>They were generally happier and more satisfied with life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is highlighted as a better approach to ethics in organizations?

    <p>Encouraging autonomy in the service of purpose maximization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between purpose and employee motivation?

    <p>Having a shared purpose boosts employee motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does grit refer to in the context provided?

    <p>Perseverance and passion for long-term goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is mastery characterized in the context described?

    <p>Mastery is an impossible goal that one can only approach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Type I behavior?

    <p>Incremental theory and learning goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation are people more likely to reach a flow state?

    <p>At work with clear goals and immediate feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Motivation 3.0?

    <p>Emphasizing purpose as a driving force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the American boomers experience upon turning 60, according to the stages mentioned?

    <p>A mix of surprise, relief, and reflection on purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is flow described in the context provided?

    <p>A deep sense of engagement and necessity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which generations are noted for redefining success away from monetary rewards?

    <p>Baby Boomers and Generation Y</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary finding of the experiment conducted by Lepper, Greene, and Nisbett regarding children and drawing?

    <p>The expected-award group showed less interest and spent less time drawing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do extrinsic rewards affect intrinsic motivation according to the content?

    <p>They diminish intrinsic motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the candle problem by Karl Duncker illustrate about problem solving?

    <p>Functional fixedness can hinder creativity and problem-solving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about performance in relation to different sizes of rewards?

    <p>Small rewards can lead to better performance than medium-sized rewards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are if-then motivators described as detrimental to creativity?

    <p>They restrict individual autonomy and stifle creativity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of creative tasks, what drives individuals to perform better according to the content?

    <p>Intrinsic motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happened to participants offered a large reward in the game study mentioned?

    <p>They performed worse than participants offered smaller rewards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of heuristic tasks as stated in the content?

    <p>They require a creative and flexible approach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction: The Puzzling Puzzles of Harry Harlow and Edward Deci

    • Harry F. Harlow was a professor of psychology at the University of Wisconsin, who studied primate behavior.
    • Experiment 1 involved eight rhesus monkeys needing to solve a puzzle with three easy steps.
    • The monkeys succeeded without any external rewards like food or praise.
    • This demonstrated that intrinsic motivation (the joy of the task itself) is a powerful motivator.
    • The study showed that biological drives (hunger, thirst), and external rewards and punishments, also influenced behavior.
    • Edward Deci, a student from Carnegie Mellon University, continued Harlow's work.
    • Experiment 2 involved the Soma puzzle and two groups of participants.
    • Group A was rewarded and Group B was not.
    • The results showed that external rewards negatively affected motivation for the Soma puzzle activity.
    • This further demonstrated the importance of intrinsic motivation over extrinsic motivation.

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    Related Documents

    Summary of "Drive" by Daniel H. Pink (PDF)

    Description

    Explore the fascinating studies of Harry Harlow and Edward Deci on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Through their experiments with primates and human participants, learn how different types of motivation influence behavior. This quiz will challenge your understanding of psychological concepts related to motivation and rewards.

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