Psychology: Freudian Theory
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the ego in the Freudian theory of personality?

To mediate between the id and reality

What is the term for the process of pushing unpleasant thoughts or memories into the unconscious mind?

Repression

According to Freud, what is the stage of development characterized by fixation on oral satisfaction?

Oral Stage

What is the purpose of free association in psychoanalytic therapy?

<p>To allow the client to speak freely about their thoughts and feelings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the moral component of the mind that incorporates moral principles and values?

<p>Superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stage of development characterized by the emergence of the Oedipus complex?

<p>Phallic Stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone else?

<p>Projection</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the part of the mind that contains current thoughts, feelings, and perceptions?

<p>Conscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary principle that the Id operates on, and what does it seek to achieve?

<p>The Id operates on the 'pleasure principle,' seeking immediate gratification of needs and desires.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between the way the Id and Ego operate?

<p>The Id operates on the 'pleasure principle,' while the Ego operates on the 'reality principle,' considering the consequences of actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two components of the Superego, and what do they represent?

<p>The two components of the Superego are the Conscience and the Ego Ideal, representing moral principles and the aspirational self, respectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Ego balance the demands of the Id and Superego?

<p>The Ego balances the Id's desires for pleasure and the Superego's moral code by mediating between them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main conflict that the Ego mediates, and what is the result of this conflict?

<p>The Ego mediates the conflict between the Id's desire for pleasure and the Superego's moral code, leading to socially acceptable behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the Id that differentiates it from the Ego?

<p>The Id is completely unconscious, lacking a sense of self or rational thought, whereas the Ego has a sense of self and rational thought.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Superego influence the individual's behavior?

<p>The Superego censors the Id's desires, promoting socially acceptable behavior and moral principles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of the Ego's mediation between the Id and Superego?

<p>The Ego's goal is to find socially acceptable behaviors that balance the demands of the Id and Superego.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Freudian Theory

Key Concepts

  • Unconscious mind: contains repressed thoughts, feelings, and memories that are inaccessible to conscious awareness but influence behavior and emotions
  • Id: primitive, instinctual part of the mind seeking immediate gratification
  • Ego: rational, logical part of the mind that mediates between the id and reality
  • Superego: moral component of the mind that incorporates moral principles and values

Structure of Personality

  • Conscious: contains current thoughts, feelings, and perceptions
  • Preconscious: contains memories and information that are not currently in conscious awareness but can be easily accessed
  • Unconscious: contains repressed thoughts, feelings, and memories inaccessible to conscious awareness

Defense Mechanisms

  • Repression: pushing unpleasant thoughts or memories into the unconscious mind
  • Denial: refusing to acknowledge uncomfortable realities
  • Projection: attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone else
  • Rationalization: creating logical explanations to justify unacceptable behavior
  • Displacement: redirecting emotions from the original source to a more acceptable target

Stages of Psychosexual Development

  • Oral Stage (0-1 year): fixation on oral satisfaction, weaning can lead to fixation
  • Anal Stage (1-3 years): fixation on bowel movements, toilet training can lead to fixation
  • Phallic Stage (3-6 years): fixation on genitalia, Oedipus complex emerges
  • Latency Stage (6-12 years): repression of sexual feelings, focus on social and cognitive development
  • Genital Stage (12+ years): mature, adult sexuality emerges

Psychoanalytic Techniques

  • Free Association: client speaks freely about their thoughts and feelings
  • Dream Analysis: analyzing dreams to uncover unconscious conflicts and desires
  • Transference: client's feelings towards important figures in their life are redirected towards the analyst

Freudian Theory

Key Concepts

  • The unconscious mind contains repressed thoughts, feelings, and memories that influence behavior and emotions
  • The id is the primitive, instinctual part of the mind seeking immediate gratification
  • The ego is the rational, logical part of the mind that mediates between the id and reality
  • The superego incorporates moral principles and values, serving as the moral component of the mind

Structure of Personality

  • The conscious contains current thoughts, feelings, and perceptions
  • The preconscious contains memories and information not currently in conscious awareness but easily accessible
  • The unconscious contains repressed thoughts, feelings, and memories inaccessible to conscious awareness

Defense Mechanisms

  • Repression involves pushing unpleasant thoughts or memories into the unconscious mind
  • Denial involves refusing to acknowledge uncomfortable realities
  • Projection involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone else
  • Rationalization involves creating logical explanations to justify unacceptable behavior
  • Displacement involves redirecting emotions from the original source to a more acceptable target

Stages of Psychosexual Development

  • The oral stage (0-1 year) involves fixation on oral satisfaction, with weaning potentially leading to fixation
  • The anal stage (1-3 years) involves fixation on bowel movements, with toilet training potentially leading to fixation
  • The phallic stage (3-6 years) involves fixation on genitalia, with the Oedipus complex emerging
  • The latency stage (6-12 years) involves repression of sexual feelings, with a focus on social and cognitive development
  • The genital stage (12+ years) involves the emergence of mature, adult sexuality

Psychoanalytic Techniques

  • Free association involves the client speaking freely about their thoughts and feelings
  • Dream analysis involves analyzing dreams to uncover unconscious conflicts and desires
  • Transference involves the redirection of client's feelings towards important figures in their life towards the analyst

Psychoanalytic Theory: Id, Ego, and Superego

Id

  • Present at birth, the Id is the most primitive part of the personality
  • Operates on the "pleasure principle," seeking immediate gratification of needs and desires
  • Demands instant satisfaction, without considering consequences or reality
  • Has no sense of morality or logic, only focusing on pleasure and avoidance of pain
  • Completely unconscious, with no sense of self or rational thought

Ego

  • Develops from the Id as the individual learns to navigate the environment
  • Mediates between the Id's desires and the demands of reality
  • Operates on the "reality principle," considering the consequences of actions
  • Has a sense of self and rational thought, using logic to make decisions
  • Balances the demands of the Id, Superego, and reality to find socially acceptable behaviors

Superego

  • Develops as the individual internalizes moral values and norms from caregivers and society
  • Incorporates the conscience, providing a sense of right and wrong
  • Censors the Id's desires, promoting socially acceptable behavior and moral principles
  • Comprises two components: Conscience (critical, moral component) and Ego Ideal (aspirational, idealized self)

Interactions between Id, Ego, and Superego

  • Id and Superego are in constant conflict, with the Ego mediating between them
  • Ego must balance the demands of the Id for pleasure and the Superego's moral code
  • A healthy balance between the three structures is essential for psychological well-being and adaptive behavior

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Learn about the key concepts and structure of personality in Freudian Theory, including the unconscious mind, id, ego, and superego.

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