Psychology Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is intelligence?

A form of emotional expression

The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills (correct)

A technique used in social gatherings

A type of test to measure personality

What is an aptitude test?

A test designed to determine a person's ability in a particular skill or field of knowledge.

What is an achievement test?

A test of developed skill or knowledge, often standardized.

Social facilitation implies people perform better on complex tasks when in the presence of others.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is social inhibition?

A conscious or subconscious avoidance of a situation or social interaction. Signup and view all the answers

What is group polarization?

The tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the individual's initial inclination. Signup and view all the answers

What is groupthink?

The practice of thinking or making decisions as a group that discourages creativity or individual responsibility. Signup and view all the answers

What is deindividuation?

The loss of self-awareness in groups. Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes personality?

The combination of characteristics or qualities that form an individual's distinctive character. Signup and view all the answers

What is a defense mechanism?

An automatic reaction of the body against disease-causing organisms. Signup and view all the answers

What is attribution theory?

A theory that explains how individuals attribute feelings, beliefs, and intentions to others. Signup and view all the answers

What is social loafing?

The phenomenon where people exert less effort in a group than when alone. Signup and view all the answers

What is the bystander effect?

A social phenomenon where individuals do not offer help to a victim when others are present. Signup and view all the answers

What is diffusion of responsibility?

A phenomenon where a person is less likely to take responsibility for action when others are present. Signup and view all the answers

What is cognitive dissonance?

The state of having inconsistent thoughts, beliefs, or attitudes. Signup and view all the answers

What is social cognition?

An approach in social psychology focusing on the methods of cognitive psychology and information processing. Signup and view all the answers

What is social psychology?

The branch of psychology that deals with social interactions. Signup and view all the answers

What is altruism?

The belief in or practice of selfless concern for the well-being of others. Signup and view all the answers

What is conformity?

Compliance with standards, rules, or laws. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Intelligence

Refers to the capacity to acquire and apply knowledge and skills in various contexts.

Aptitude Test

Designed to assess an individual's ability in specific skills or fields of knowledge.

Achievement Test

Evaluates developed skills or knowledge gained through training or formal education.
Commonly includes standardized tests aligned with specific grade levels.

Involves improved performance on simple tasks when individuals are observed by others.
Indicates that people generally perform better at tasks they are already proficient in when in a social context.

Represents a conscious or subconscious avoidance of certain social situations.
Can stem from fear of disapproval or negative evaluation from others.

Group Polarization

Describes the tendency of group decisions to become more extreme than individual inclinations.
Members in a group may adopt riskier or more conservative positions as a collective.

Groupthink

Occurs when group dynamics discourage individuality and creative input.
Can lead to poor decision-making due to consensus-seeking behavior.

Deindividuation

A phenomenon where individuals lose self-awareness in group settings.
Often results in a decrease in social constraints and increased impulsivity.

Personality

A unique combination of characteristics and qualities that define an individual's personal identity.

Defense Mechanism

An involuntary response by the body to protect against harm from disease-causing organisms.

Attribution Theory

Explores how individuals explain the behavior of others by attributing emotions, beliefs, and intentions.

The tendency for individuals to exert less effort in a group than when working alone.
Common in collective tasks where personal accountability is diminished.

Bystander Effect

A social phenomenon where individuals are less likely to assist a victim when other people are present.
Likelihood of help decreases as the number of bystanders increases.

Diffusion of Responsibility

Describes a situation where individuals feel less compelled to act due to the presence of others.
Leads to a shared sense of responsibility, often resulting in inaction.

Cognitive Dissonance

The mental discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors.
Can drive individuals to change their attitudes or behaviors to reduce inconsistencies.

Focuses on how individuals process, store, and apply information regarding social interactions.
Integrates concepts from cognitive psychology to understand social behavior.

Studies the impact of social interactions on individual behavior and psychological processes.
Examines how group dynamics, social influences, and relationships affect personal development.

Altruism

Represents a selfless concern for the welfare of others without expecting any personal gain.

Conformity

The act of aligning behavior or beliefs with group standards, rules, or societal laws.
Can occur through direct pressure or social norms influencing behavior.

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Description

Test your knowledge with these psychology flashcards focusing on key terms related to intelligence, aptitude tests, and achievement tests. Each card provides definitions to help you understand these important concepts in psychology.