78 Questions
Which type of communication occurs between departments and is useful for coordinating?
Horizontal Communication
What is the MUM Effect related to in communication?
Avoiding communicating unfavourable news
In high-context cultures, what is as if not more important than the message itself?
The social context
What does the sender do in the process of communication?
Encodes the message
Which skill is involved in interpreting the emotional state and cognitive ability of the sender?
Listening Skills
What contributes to effective communication according to the text?
Free flow of information
What is the Employee Voice related to in effective communication?
Constructive expression of disagreement or concern
What is downward communication characterized by?
Flows from top to bottom of the organization
What do Idea-generation Tasks involve?
Creative tasks such as brainstorming
What does Task Interdependence refer to?
The degree of dependence on team members
What is Pooled Interdependence characterized by?
Working independently and combining efforts
In the context of creating a top-notch research paper, what does Reciprocal Interdependence involve?
Working together on each phase of the research paper
What does Outcome Interdependence imply?
Receiving rewards based on others' performance
What is a criticism of the Stage Model of Development according to the text?
Limited empirical support
What do Production Tasks involve according to the text?
Actually making something like a building or product
In the IPO framework, what does 'IPO' stand for?
Idea-Production-Output
'Sequential Interdependence' is best described by:
One person's output becomes another person's input
What is a characteristic of 'Problem-solving Tasks' according to the text?
Making decisions
What is the main focus of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Self-actualization needs
What is the key difference between ERG Theory and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
ERG Theory recognizes that individuals may regress when frustrated in fulfilling higher-level needs
What is the primary concern of Two-Factor Theory?
Identifying individual's job satisfaction and dissatisfaction factors
What is the significance of environmental factors in motivational theory?
They are essential for determining an individual's level of performance
Which theory includes categories such as existence, relatedness, and growth?
ERG Theory
What distinguishes ERG Theory from Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs recognizes the frustration-regression process
Which factor does Two-Factor Theory classify as a hygiene factor?
Working conditions
What does Ability refer to in the context of motivation?
The power or skill to do something
Intelligence is not considered as an important factor in effective leadership.
False
Task-oriented leader behaviors include showing concern for employee feelings and treating employees with respect.
False
In the democratic decision-making style, employees participate in the making of the decision.
True
Laissez-faire decision-making involves the leader providing maximum guidance and involvement in the decision.
False
Fiedler's Contingency Theory states that there is one best style of leadership.
False
Situational Leadership Theory considers employee readiness as the key factor determining the proper leadership style.
True
Authoritarian decision-making involves involving employees in the decision-making process.
False
People-oriented leaders are most effective when situational favorableness is extreme.
False
High Power Distance Cultures prefer a sense of equality amongst all members.
False
The Amygdala is responsible for stimulating fear responses.
True
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) consists of the body's adaptive response to stress in two phases—alarm and resistance.
False
In the Alarm Phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), the body activates a 'rest and digest' mode.
False
The Resistance Phase in the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) involves the body depleting its stores of sugars and fats.
False
The Exhaustion Phase in the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) causes the stressor to significantly strengthen the individual.
False
Stress refers to the body's reaction to a change that requires physical, mental, or emotional adjustment.
True
Democratic decision-making is an organizational antecedent of political behavior.
True
Transformational Leadership emphasizes treating followers as a collective group rather than as individuals.
False
Job Specialization according to Fredrick Taylor involves giving workers a wide variety of tasks to perform.
False
Job Rotation refers to moving employees from job to job at irregular intervals.
False
Job Enlargement involves decreasing the number of tasks performed by employees in order to increase efficiency.
False
Job Enrichment gives workers more tasks to perform but less control over how to perform them.
False
Potential Problems with Job Enrichment do not include supervisory resistance.
False
The Job Characteristics Model, developed by Hackman and Oldman, is not considered as a significant attempt to design jobs with increased motivational properties.
False
Core Job Characteristics according to the Job Characteristics Model include Skill Variety and Task Identity.
True
Using Time-motion Studies, management could determine how much time each task would require and plan the tasks so that the job could be performed as inefficiently as possible.
False
Job Enlargement involves decreasing the number of tasks performed by employees in order to add more variety.
False
What is the MUM Effect related to in communication?
The tendency to avoid communicating unfavorable news to others
What does the sender do in the process of communication?
Encodes message, translating the idea into words
In the IPO framework, what does 'IPO' stand for?
Input, Process, Output
What is downward communication characterized by?
Flows from the top of the organization to the bottom
What contributes to effective communication according to the text?
Free flow of information
Which type of communication occurs between departments and is useful for coordinating?
Horizontal Communication
What is the primary concern of Two-Factor Theory?
Employee motivation and job satisfaction
Which skill is involved in interpreting the emotional state and cognitive ability of the sender?
Listening Skills
Explain the concept of positive reinforcement in the context of behavior management.
Positive behavior followed by positive consequences (Manager praises the employee).
What is the significance of Valence in Vroom's Expectancy Theory?
Value of outcomes. Example: Do I feel that this 2% pay raise is desirable?
How does Self-compassion manifest according to the text?
It is directed inward and consists of self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness.
Explain the concept of Extinction in behavior management.
Negative behavior followed by removal of positive consequences (Manager ignores the behavior).
What is the basis of Reinforcement Theory and who are its key contributors?
Based on behavioral conditioning by Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner's work on operant conditioning. Behavior is a function of its outcomes.
Explain the concept of Negative Reinforcement and provide an example.
Positive behavior followed by removal of negative consequences (Manager stops nagging the employee).
What is the managerial implication of Reinforcement Theory in relation to employee performance?
Ensuring rewards are desirable to employees, and giving employees choice over rewards.
Explain the concept of Fixed-ratio Schedules in the context of reward systems.
Providing rewards to every nth time the right behavior is demonstrated. Example: Giving the employee a bonus for every tenth sale he makes.
What type of interdependence involves team members working independently and combining their efforts to create the team's output?
Pooled Interdependence
If one person's output becomes another person's input, what type of interdependence is the team experiencing?
Sequential Interdependence
What is the term for the rewards that an individual receives depending on the performance of others?
Outcome Interdependence
In the context of creating a top-notch research paper, what does Reciprocal Interdependence involve?
Working together on each phase of the research paper
What is the main focus of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Human motivation and developmental psychology
What does Task Interdependence refer to?
The degree that team members are dependent on one another to be effective
What is the primary concern of the Stage Model of Development according to the text?
Overemphasis on Conflict
What is the IPO framework?
Input-Process-Output framework
What are Idea-generation Tasks concerned with?
Creative tasks such as brainstorming and creating new processes
What is a characteristic of Problem-solving Tasks according to the text?
Coming up with plans for actions and making decisions
Prepare for your psychology final exam with this quiz covering concepts such as motivation, need theories, and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. Test your knowledge on topics like persistent effort, motivated behavior, and the hierarchy of needs.
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