Psychology Final Exam: Motivation and Need Theories

Which type of communication occurs between departments and is useful for coordinating?

What is the MUM Effect related to in communication?

In high-context cultures, what is as if not more important than the message itself?

What does the sender do in the process of communication?

Which skill is involved in interpreting the emotional state and cognitive ability of the sender?

What contributes to effective communication according to the text?

What is the Employee Voice related to in effective communication?

What is downward communication characterized by?

What do Idea-generation Tasks involve?

What does Task Interdependence refer to?

What is Pooled Interdependence characterized by?

In the context of creating a top-notch research paper, what does Reciprocal Interdependence involve?

What does Outcome Interdependence imply?

What is a criticism of the Stage Model of Development according to the text?

What do Production Tasks involve according to the text?

In the IPO framework, what does 'IPO' stand for?

'Sequential Interdependence' is best described by:

What is a characteristic of 'Problem-solving Tasks' according to the text?

What is the main focus of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

What is the key difference between ERG Theory and Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

What is the primary concern of Two-Factor Theory?

What is the significance of environmental factors in motivational theory?

Which theory includes categories such as existence, relatedness, and growth?

What distinguishes ERG Theory from Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

Which factor does Two-Factor Theory classify as a hygiene factor?

What does Ability refer to in the context of motivation?

Intelligence is not considered as an important factor in effective leadership.

Task-oriented leader behaviors include showing concern for employee feelings and treating employees with respect.

In the democratic decision-making style, employees participate in the making of the decision.

Laissez-faire decision-making involves the leader providing maximum guidance and involvement in the decision.

Fiedler's Contingency Theory states that there is one best style of leadership.

Situational Leadership Theory considers employee readiness as the key factor determining the proper leadership style.

Authoritarian decision-making involves involving employees in the decision-making process.

People-oriented leaders are most effective when situational favorableness is extreme.

High Power Distance Cultures prefer a sense of equality amongst all members.

The Amygdala is responsible for stimulating fear responses.

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) consists of the body's adaptive response to stress in two phases—alarm and resistance.

In the Alarm Phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS), the body activates a 'rest and digest' mode.

The Resistance Phase in the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) involves the body depleting its stores of sugars and fats.

The Exhaustion Phase in the General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) causes the stressor to significantly strengthen the individual.

Stress refers to the body's reaction to a change that requires physical, mental, or emotional adjustment.

Democratic decision-making is an organizational antecedent of political behavior.

Transformational Leadership emphasizes treating followers as a collective group rather than as individuals.

Job Specialization according to Fredrick Taylor involves giving workers a wide variety of tasks to perform.

Job Rotation refers to moving employees from job to job at irregular intervals.

Job Enlargement involves decreasing the number of tasks performed by employees in order to increase efficiency.

Job Enrichment gives workers more tasks to perform but less control over how to perform them.

Potential Problems with Job Enrichment do not include supervisory resistance.

The Job Characteristics Model, developed by Hackman and Oldman, is not considered as a significant attempt to design jobs with increased motivational properties.

Core Job Characteristics according to the Job Characteristics Model include Skill Variety and Task Identity.

Using Time-motion Studies, management could determine how much time each task would require and plan the tasks so that the job could be performed as inefficiently as possible.

Job Enlargement involves decreasing the number of tasks performed by employees in order to add more variety.

What is the MUM Effect related to in communication?

What does the sender do in the process of communication?

In the IPO framework, what does 'IPO' stand for?

What is downward communication characterized by?

What contributes to effective communication according to the text?

Which type of communication occurs between departments and is useful for coordinating?

What is the primary concern of Two-Factor Theory?

Which skill is involved in interpreting the emotional state and cognitive ability of the sender?

Explain the concept of positive reinforcement in the context of behavior management.

What is the significance of Valence in Vroom's Expectancy Theory?

How does Self-compassion manifest according to the text?

Explain the concept of Extinction in behavior management.

What is the basis of Reinforcement Theory and who are its key contributors?

Explain the concept of Negative Reinforcement and provide an example.

What is the managerial implication of Reinforcement Theory in relation to employee performance?

Explain the concept of Fixed-ratio Schedules in the context of reward systems.

What type of interdependence involves team members working independently and combining their efforts to create the team's output?

If one person's output becomes another person's input, what type of interdependence is the team experiencing?

What is the term for the rewards that an individual receives depending on the performance of others?

In the context of creating a top-notch research paper, what does Reciprocal Interdependence involve?

What is the main focus of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

What does Task Interdependence refer to?

What is the primary concern of the Stage Model of Development according to the text?

What is the IPO framework?

What are Idea-generation Tasks concerned with?

What is a characteristic of Problem-solving Tasks according to the text?