Psychology Experiment Fundamentals
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Questions and Answers

What is required in a psychology experiment to evaluate the impact of different conditions on behavior?

  • All treatments should be identical
  • At least two treatment conditions (correct)
  • A control group only
  • A single treatment condition

Which of the following is NOT a factor that psychologists must not deceive about?

  • Their institutional affiliations
  • Their research findings
  • Their academic degrees
  • Their personal beliefs (correct)

Why is it important for psychologists to avoid making false statements?

  • To avoid legal repercussions
  • To increase their chances of funding
  • To maintain professional ethics and credibility (correct)
  • To ensure competitive job placements

What is the main difference between fraud and plagiarism in research?

<p>Fraud involves misrepresentation while plagiarism is about copying (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When conducting experiments, what does manipulating the independent variable refer to?

<p>Creating varying treatment conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the nature of psychological experiments is accurate?

<p>At least two treatment conditions are essential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must psychologists ensure regarding their services in research?

<p>That they do not misrepresent the scientific basis for their services (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of exposing subjects to different treatment conditions in an experiment?

<p>To measure the effects of varying antecedent conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an operational definition in an experiment?

<p>To define variables in terms of observable operations and procedures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should font color be operationally defined according to the example given?

<p>As the visual quality of a material printed with specific color codes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean for an independent variable to have an experimental operational definition?

<p>It includes the details of how the variable will be manipulated and measured (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are operational definitions important in psychological research?

<p>They provide clarity and enable replication by other researchers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the sample experiment about coffee, what is the independent variable?

<p>The action of drinking coffee before working (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might researchers ask to clarify the operational definition of a variable like font color?

<p>How dark or how light is the red color being used? (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is NOT part of a well-defined operational definition?

<p>Vague descriptors of phenomena (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to describe how variables are manipulated in research?

<p>To enable accurate replication and understanding of the study (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does fraud in science typically entail?

<p>Falsifying or fabricating data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a necessary condition for making causal inferences in experiments?

<p>Careful control of the test (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered an independent variable?

<p>The type of psychological intervention used (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does an experiment allow for cause-and-effect statements?

<p>When controlled tests are skillfully conducted (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What must a researcher consider to maintain internal validity in an experiment?

<p>Potential influences that threaten validity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the simplest experiments?

<p>They state a potential relationship between two variables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a dependent variable in an experiment?

<p>The variable that is measured (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding psychological states as independent variables?

<p>They can be manipulated as part of the experimental design (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a dependent variable in an experiment?

<p>It is defined by measured operational definitions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would be considered an extraneous variable?

<p>The time of day the coffee is consumed. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an experiment measuring productivity based on coffee consumption, which of the following is a critical aspect to define?

<p>The ratios of coffee to cream consumed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to describe operational definitions in research?

<p>To allow other researchers to replicate the study. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of coffee consumption should researchers specify for clarity?

<p>How much coffee each participant drinks. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To effectively measure the dependent variable of productivity, what should researchers consider including?

<p>Activities that participants must complete for assessment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When defining retention as part of a study, what must be clarified?

<p>The specific content to be retained. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way to identify a standardized test in research?

<p>By naming the specific standardized test used. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected impact of a likeable interviewer on data collection?

<p>Collect better data and usable responses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect can a hostile experimenter have on research subjects?

<p>Reduces optimal performance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of enhancing subjects' performance in experiments?

<p>Attenuation of an experiment's external validity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes context variables in research?

<p>Procedures created by the environment of the research setting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When subjects select their own experiments, what kind of variability may this introduce?

<p>Another source of variability in responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to maintain consistency in interactions with subjects?

<p>To avoid introducing additional variance into the study (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of issues can arise from research conducted on a university population?

<p>Problems related to subject recruitment and selection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does varying behavior towards subjects from time to time have?

<p>Introduces additional variability into the experiment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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