Psychology: Consciousness and Sleep Stages

What is the main characteristic of narcolepsy?

Which sleep anomaly occurs most frequently among children?

What psychological function of dreams is suggested by Freud?

What is a common factor that contributes to insomnia?

During REM sleep, which neurotransmitters show decreased levels?

What is the primary difference between REM dreams and Non-REM dreams?

Which stage of sleep is where sleep spindles and K-complexes primarily occur?

How long does REM sleep typically last during a full night of sleep?

What concept describes the awareness of dreaming while actually asleep?

Which of the following accurately describes Stage 1 of sleep?

What is a potential consequence of REM Behavior Disorder?

How much sleep is generally recommended for most adults?

Which term refers to the spontaneous state of awareness characterized by daydreaming?

Consciousness

Consciousness is awareness of everything at a given time, including thoughts, feelings, and experiences outside oneself.
It's also awareness of oneself and the environment.

Sleep Stages

Most adults need 7-10 hours of sleep.
Newborns require 16 hours.
Sleep stages are measured by brain waves, changing as a person gets sleepier.
Stage 1: Lasts about 10 minutes. Often unaware of falling asleep, may experience falling sensations (hypnic myoclonia) or sudden limb jerks.
Stage 2: Lasts about 30 minutes, marked by bursts of electrical activity (sleep spindles and K-complexes), slower heart rate, body temperature drop, and relaxed muscles. It accounts for 65% of sleep.
Stage 3 & 4: Last about 30 minutes; deep sleep, where it is difficult to wake an individual; it is important for muscle repair. Slow wave sleep. People are hard to wake up.
REM (Rapid Eye Movement): Characterized by quick eye movements and happens during sleep; vivid dreams occur in this stage. It lasts about 20 minutes, and accounts for 20-25% of sleep; during this stage, dreams are often emotionally charged.

Dream Functions

Freud: dreams are wish fulfillment; many dreams focus on sexual themes. Processing emotional memories, integrating new experiences, learning strategies, simulating threatening events, and consolidating memories are all functions of dreams.
During REM sleep, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine goes up, but serotonin and norepinephrine levels decrease. The pons send incomplete signals to the lateral geniculate and thalamus, which are then interpreted by the forebrain; the Amygdala is active during REM.

Explore the fascinating concepts of consciousness and the stages of sleep in this informative quiz. Learn about the characteristics of different sleep phases, including the significance of REM sleep and the importance of getting enough rest. Test your knowledge on how these elements impact awareness and overall health.