Psychology: Consciousness and Dreams
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Questions and Answers

What is consciousness?

Awareness of oneself and one's environment.

What are the preconscious/subconscious?

Information that is not conscious but is retrievable into conscious awareness.

What is the unconscious?

Reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are unaware but which influences our behavior.

What analogy did Freud use to describe consciousness?

<p>An iceberg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is dream analysis?

<p>A psychoanalytic technique in which the therapist interprets the symbolic meaning of the client's dreams.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is manifest content?

<p>According to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are annual cycles?

<p>Cycles that occur in our bodies on a yearly basis, such as SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder), birds migrating south, or bears hibernating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a circadian rhythm?

<p>A 24-hour rhythm, such as the body clock (body temperature and wakefulness).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of a sleep cycle?

<p>90 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is subliminal messaging?

<p>A signal or message designed to pass below the normal limits of perception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is product placement?

<p>Application of subliminal messaging used by advertisers to influence consumers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Rapid Eye Movement?

<p>Unique phase of sleep distinguishable by random/rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied with low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sleep deprivation?

<p>Any significant loss of sleep, resulting in problems in concentration, irritability, and increased risk to physical health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an altered state of consciousness?

<p>Any state which is significantly different from a normative waking beta wave state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hypnosis?

<p>A state of highly focused attention or concentration, often associated with relaxation, and heightened suggestibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meditation?

<p>The focusing of attention to a particular stimulus such as breathing or a mantra, which produces relaxation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a stimulant?

<p>Drugs including those that increase activity of the body and are pleasurable and invigorating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a hallucinogen?

<p>A type of drug that alters perception of reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a depressant?

<p>A drug that lowers neurotransmission levels, which is to depress or reduce arousal or stimulation, in various areas of the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a narcotic?

<p>Drug that relieves pain and induces sleep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Consciousness

awareness of oneself and one's environment

Preconscious/Subconscious

information that is not conscious but is retrievable into conscious awareness

Unconscious

reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are unaware but which influences our behavior.

Iceberg

analogy used by Freud to describe consciousness

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Dream Analysis

a psychoanalytic technique in which the therapist interprets the symbolic meaning of the client's dreams.

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Manifest Content

according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream

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Latent Content

according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream

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Annual Cycle

cycles that occur in our bodies on a yearly basis, such as SAD (Seasonal Affective Disorder), birds migrating south, or bears hibernating

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28-day cycle

cycles that occur every month, such as a woman's menstrual cycle

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Circadian Rhythm

a 24-hour rhythm, such as the body clock (body temperature and wakefulness)

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90-minute cycle

length of a sleep cycle

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Subliminal Messaging

a signal or message designed to pass below the normal limits of perception

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Product Placement

application of subliminal messaging used by advertisers to influence consumers

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Rapid Eye Movement (REM)

unique phase of sleep distinguishable by random/rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied with low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity of the sleeper to dream vividly

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Sleep Deprivation

any significant loss of sleep, resulting in problems in concentration, irritability, and increased risk to physical health

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Altered State of Consciousness

any state which is significantly different from a normative waking beta wave state

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Hypnosis

a state of highly focused attention or concentration, often associated with relaxation, and heightened suggestibility

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Meditation

the focusing of attention to a particular stimulus such as. breathing or a mantra, which produces relaxation

Signup and view all the flashcards

Stimulant

drugs including those that increase activity of the body and are pleasurable and invigorating

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Hallucinogen

a type of drug that alters perception of reality

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Depressant

a drug that lowers neurotransmission levels, which is to depress or reduce arousal or stimulation, in various areas of the brain

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Narcotic

drug that relieves pain and induces sleep

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Study Notes

Consciousness

  • Consciousness is awareness of oneself and one's environment.
  • Preconscious/subconscious information is not currently conscious but can be retrieved.
  • Unconscious is a reservoir of largely inaccessible thoughts, feelings, and memories influencing behavior.
  • Freud used the iceberg analogy to represent consciousness.

Dream Analysis

  • Dream analysis is a psychoanalytic technique interpreting dream symbolism.
  • Manifest content is the remembered dream story.
  • Latent content is the underlying hidden meaning of a dream.

Cycles and Rhythms

  • Annual cycles include seasonal affective disorder, migration, and hibernation.
  • 28-day cycles are like the menstrual cycle.
  • Circadian rhythms are 24-hour cycles, such as body temperature and wakefulness.
  • 90-minute cycles are the length of sleep cycles.

Subliminal and Product Placement

  • Subliminal messaging is below the normal limits of perception.
  • Product placement is subliminal messaging in advertising.

Sleep Stages

  • Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements, low muscle tone, and vivid dreaming.
  • Sleep deprivation leads to concentration problems, irritability, and health risks.

Altered States of Consciousness

  • Altered states of consciousness differ significantly from normal waking states.

Hypnosis and Meditation

  • Hypnosis is a state of focused attention and heightened suggestibility often with relaxation.
  • Meditation focuses attention, often on breathing or a mantra, leading to relaxation.

Drug Types

  • Stimulants increase body activity, are pleasurable and invigorating.
  • Hallucinogens alter perception of reality.
  • Depressants lower neurotransmission, reducing arousal or stimulation.
  • Narcotics relieve pain and induce sleep.

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Description

Explore the intricate world of consciousness, dream analysis, and biological cycles in psychology. This quiz covers key concepts such as Freud's iceberg analogy of the mind, the interpretation of dream symbolism, and various rhythms affecting human behavior. Test your understanding of these fascinating psychological themes!

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