Psychology Chapter on Consciousness
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Questions and Answers

What is consciousness?

Awareness of oneself and one's environment.

What is the term for information that is not conscious but can be retrieved into conscious awareness?

Preconscious/subconscious

What is the unconscious?

A reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories that we are unaware of but that influence our behavior.

An iceberg is a metaphor used by Freud to describe consciousness.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a technique used by psychoanalytic therapists to interpret the symbolic meaning of dreams?

<p>Dream analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, what is the remembered story line of a dream called?

<p>Manifest content</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Freud, what is the underlying meaning of a dream called?

<p>Latent content</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cycles that occur in our bodies on a yearly basis?

<p>Annual cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for cycles that occur every month?

<p>28-day cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a circadian rhythm?

<p>A 24-hour rhythm, such as the body clock (body temperature and wakefulness)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the length of a sleep cycle?

<p>90 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is subliminal messaging?

<p>A signal or message designed to pass below the normal limits of perception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is product placement?

<p>An application of subliminal messaging used by advertisers to influence consumers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is REM sleep?

<p>A unique phase of sleep characterized by random/rapid movement of the eyes, accompanied by low muscle tone throughout the body, and the propensity for vivid dreams.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is sleep deprivation?

<p>Any significant loss of sleep, resulting in problems with concentration, irritability, and an increased risk to physical health.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an altered state of consciousness?

<p>Any state that is significantly different from a normative waking beta wave state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hypnosis?

<p>A state of highly focused attention or concentration, often associated with relaxation and heightened suggestibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meditation?

<p>The focusing of attention on a particular stimulus such as breathing or a mantra, which produces relaxation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are stimulants?

<p>Drugs that increase activity of the body and are pleasurable and invigorating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are hallucinogens?

<p>Drugs that alter perception of reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are depressants?

<p>Drugs that lower neurotransmission levels, which is to depress or reduce arousal or stimulation, in various areas of the brain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are narcotics?

<p>Drugs that relieve pain and induce sleep.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

  • Consciousness: Awareness of oneself and one's environment.
  • Preconscious/Subconscious: Information not currently conscious, but retrievable.
  • Unconscious: Reservoir of unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and memories influencing behavior.
  • Iceberg Analogy: Freud's depiction of consciousness as a tip of an iceberg.
  • Dream Analysis: Psychoanalytic technique interpreting symbolic dream meanings.
  • Manifest Content: Remembered story line of a dream (according to Freud).
  • Latent Content: Underlying meaning of a dream (according to Freud).

Biological Rhythms

  • Annual Cycle: Yearly biological cycles (e.g., SAD, migration, hibernation).
  • 28-Day Cycle: Monthly biological cycles (e.g., menstrual cycle).
  • Circadian Rhythm: 24-hour internal body clock (e.g., body temperature, wakefulness).
  • 90-Minute Cycle: Length of a sleep cycle.

Altered States of Consciousness & Drugs

  • Subliminal Messaging: Signal below normal perception limits.
  • Product Placement: Using subliminal messaging in advertisement.
  • Rapid Eye Movement (REM): Unique sleep phase with rapid eye movement, low muscle tone, and vivid dreaming.
  • Sleep Deprivation: Significant sleep loss causing problems like concentration difficulties, irritability, and health risks.
  • Altered State of Consciousness: Any state significantly different from normal waking state.
  • Hypnosis: State of focused attention, relaxation, and heightened suggestibility.
  • Meditation: Focusing attention (e.g., breathing, mantra) to achieve relaxation.
  • Stimulant: Drug increasing body activity, pleasurable, and invigorating.
  • Hallucinogen: Drug altering perception of reality.
  • Depressant: Drug lowering neurotransmission levels, decreasing arousal.
  • Narcotic: Drug relieving pain and inducing sleep.

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Description

Explore the intricate concepts of consciousness, including its various states, biological rhythms, and the impact of altered states and substances. This quiz covers key definitions, analogies, and psychoanalytic techniques related to dream analysis. Test your knowledge on how these elements influence behavior and perception.

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