Podcast
Questions and Answers
What do observers tend to do when explaining another person's behavior according to the fundamental attribution error?
What do observers tend to do when explaining another person's behavior according to the fundamental attribution error?
Which of the following conditions is NOT related to when attitudes guide actions?
Which of the following conditions is NOT related to when attitudes guide actions?
What is cognitive dissonance primarily associated with?
What is cognitive dissonance primarily associated with?
Which of the following is an empowering attitude that contributes to critical thinking?
Which of the following is an empowering attitude that contributes to critical thinking?
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What type of thinking errors can lead to harmful perceptions of the world?
What type of thinking errors can lead to harmful perceptions of the world?
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Study Notes
Fundamental Attribution Error
- Observers often overemphasize internal traits (personality, attitude) and underestimate external factors (situational influences) when explaining another person's behavior.
- Example: Attributing test failure to laziness instead of considering external factors like difficulty of the test or lack of resources.
Poor Self-Regulation
- Linked to impulsivity.
Attitudes Guiding Actions
- Strong attitudes.
- Awareness and practice of attitudes.
- Vested interest.
Empowering Attitudes for Critical Thinking
- Continuous improvement is possible.
- Constructive criticism (including self-criticism) is valuable.
- Effort is key to success.
- Value for others.
Cognitive Dissonance
- Unpleasant feeling when beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors clash.
- Solutions include changing behavior to match attitudes or altering attitudes to match behavior.
Rationalizing Behavior
- People may justify or rationalize behaviors that clash with their beliefs in order to reduce discomfort.
- Example: A smoker downplaying the health risks of smoking by focusing on potential weight gain if they quit.
Cognitive Restructuring
- A method for altering thought patterns causing problematic behavior.
Logical Errors in Thinking
- Perceiving the world as harmful despite contrary evidence.
- Exaggerating the significance of negative events.
- Adopting absolute or rigid thinking.
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Description
Explore critical concepts in psychology such as the Fundamental Attribution Error, cognitive dissonance, and self-regulation. This quiz examines how attitudes influence actions and the importance of constructive criticism. Challenge your understanding of these fundamental theories and their applications.
