Psychology Chapter on Depth Perception and Vision
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Questions and Answers

What does interposition suggest about the relative position of two overlapping objects?

  • The object that is obscuring appears farther away.
  • The object in front is always moving.
  • The object that is obscured is perceived as closer.
  • The obscured object is seen as being farther away. (correct)

    • What role does relative height play in depth perception?

  • Objects lower in the field are always considered closer.
  • Objects higher in the field are seen as warmer.
  • Height determines the color intensity of the objects.
  • Height in the visual field provides a cue for perceived distance. (correct)

    • How does binocular disparity help in perceiving depth?

  • It creates equal images in both eyes for depth estimation.
  • It shows the exact location of nearby objects.
  • It highlights the colors between distant objects.
  • It combines images from both eyes into a single view. (correct)

    • What is the main difference between change blindness and inattentional blindness?

    <p>Change blindness is related to distractions, while inattentional blindness involves a lack of attention to unexpected stimuli.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario best illustrates the concept of greater disparity for closer objects?

    <p>Observing your finger shift against a background while switching eye focus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of rods in the eye?

    <p>To enable vision in low-light conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the fovea?

    <p>It is the area of highest visual acuity due to densely packed cones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of events from light entry to signal transmission in the eye?

    <p>Light hits photoreceptors, alters neurotransmitter release, generates graded potential, transmits to ganglion cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cones enable color perception?

    <p>They have photopigments that react to specific wavelengths of light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the blind spot in the retina?

    <p>It is where the optic nerve exits the eye, lacking photoreceptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phenomenon is described as the ability to perceive more than three colors?

    <p>The mixing of signals from different types of cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the membrane potential of rods and cones when they detect light?

    <p>It becomes hyperpolarized, leading to a decrease in neurotransmitter release.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are S-cones primarily sensitive to in terms of light wavelengths?

    <p>Short wavelengths, mainly corresponding to the color blue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What wavelength range do M-cones primarily respond to?

    <p>530 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best exemplifies the principle of closure in Gestalt psychology?

    <p>Recognizing a circle that is not fully drawn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In opponent process theory, selecting between which pairs of colors is emphasized?

    <p>Red-Green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during a color afterimage effect when looking at a colored object for a prolonged period?

    <p>Fatigue of the specific cones occurs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the principle of simplicity (Prägnanz) affect visual perception?

    <p>Encourages the recognition of complex images as simple forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a monocular depth cue?

    <p>Interposition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do feature detectors in the brain specifically respond to?

    <p>Particular attributes of visual stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle states that elements that share similar characteristics are perceived as a group?

    <p>Similarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relative size perception hinges on what fundamental understanding?

    <p>Smaller size indicates greater distance from the observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect defines figure-ground perception in visual processing?

    <p>Separating an object from its background</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is a characteristic of linear perspective?

    <p>Parallel lines converge in the distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of perceptual constancy?

    <p>To maintain stable perception despite varying stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does texture gradient contribute to visual depth perception?

    <p>Detailed textures indicate proximity to the observer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle of Gestalt psychology promotes the idea that objects moving together form a single entity?

    <p>Common Fate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do cones play in vision?

    <p>They enable sharp central vision and color perception.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about accommodation is correct?

    <p>It is the process by which the eye focuses light on the retina.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do we experience a blind spot in our vision?

    <p>Due to the absence of photoreceptors where the optic nerve exits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are neural signals generated in photoreceptors?

    <p>Through a change in the membrane potential triggered by chemical reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vision do rods primarily support?

    <p>Scotopic vision with low-light sensitivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when light strikes photoreceptors in the retina?

    <p>Chemical changes in photopigments trigger neurotransmitter release.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fovea's primary function in vision?

    <p>It is the area responsible for sharp central vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cones respond to medium wavelengths of light?

    <p>M-Cones respond to medium wavelengths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do humans perceive a wider range of colors beyond the inherent limitations of three cone types?

    <p>Through a combination of cone responses and neural processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a color afterimage and why does it occur?

    <p>An effect caused by prolonged exposure to a color leading to color fatigue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which visual phenomenon occurs due to the fatigue of photoreceptors after prolonged fixation on a colored object?

    <p>Color Afterimage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle suggests that we perceive competing visual stimuli as a singular object when they share direction and movement?

    <p>Common Fate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the linear perspective cue contribute to depth perception?

    <p>By illustrating how parallel lines converge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which depth cue relies on the observation that familiar objects appear smaller as their distance increases?

    <p>Relative Size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle of Gestalt psychology allows us to perceive incomplete shapes as whole figures?

    <p>Closure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which visual processing theory encompasses both the trichromatic theory and the opponent process theory?

    <p>Dual-Channel Processing Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do feature detectors play in the visual processing of stimuli?

    <p>They detect specific features like movement and orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Gestalt principle states that elements that are near each other tend to be grouped together?

    <p>Proximity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the feature detector in the brain NOT respond to?

    <p>Emotional responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In perceptual constancy, how do we maintain the perception of an object's size despite changes in distance?

    <p>Through previous knowledge of the object's actual size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does binocular disparity primarily allow the brain to compute?

    <p>The distance and depth of objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does interposition contribute to depth perception?

    <p>By showing overlapping objects to suggest distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does relative height have on the perception of objects?

    <p>Objects lower on the horizon are perceived as farther away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes change blindness?

    <p>Being unaware of changes in a scene due to distractions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does greater disparity in binocular vision indicate?

    <p>The object is perceived as closer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of depth perception is stereopsis primarily concerned with?

    <p>The brain's interpretation of image disparities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is inattentional blindness defined?

    <p>Failure to observe visual elements when focused on a task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the position of an object play in relative height perception?

    <p>Determines whether the object is closer or farther away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a key difference between change blindness and inattentional blindness?

    <p>Change blindness focuses on changes, whereas inattentional blindness is about unexpected stimuli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What visual cue would typically suggest that an object is farther away?

    <p>Greater overlap with other objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

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