Psychology Chapter on Dementia and Substance Abuse

A mental disorder marked by delusions without changes in consciousness, intelligence, or hallucinations.

A disorder characterized by hallucinations without altered consciousness, intellectual impairment, mood changes, or delusions.

A change in mental status with manic or depressive symptoms, but without changes in consciousness, intelligence, or hallucinations/delusions.

A disorder with recurring panic attacks or widespread anxiety.

A significant change in personality, marked by emotional swings, decreased impulse control, suspicion, apathy, or loss of interest in life.

A chronic mental condition involving intellectual and emotional impairment due to brain deterioration occurring before age 65.

A severe, genetic brain degeneration, usually starting between ages 30 and 50, leading to dementia, immobility, and dependency.

A brain disorder causing progressive dementia with speech and motor difficulties, personality changes, memory impairment, and eventually bedridden state.

A chronic brain disorder marked by memory loss, thinking difficulties, and behavioral changes. It's often associated with old age, typically affecting people over 65.

Inability to recall recent events, leading to difficulty forming new memories. It's a hallmark of senile dementia.

Inability to recall past events, often a later stage symptom of senile dementia. It's like 'forgetting' your life.

False memories often formed during confusion or disorientation in dementia. They're not intentional lies but rather the brain trying to make sense of things.

The state of being confused about time, location, and personal identity. It's a common symptom of dementia.

A state of mental confusion that develops quickly and fluctuates over time, often caused by a medical condition or substance use.

A condition characterized by significant intellectual impairment starting before the age of 18, leading to lifelong limitations in learning, problem-solving, and independent living.

A condition caused by prolonged and excessive use of mind-altering substances, negatively impacting a person's physical, mental, and social well-being.

A neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive dementia, involuntary movements (chorea), and personality changes, often starting in midlife.

A general term for mental disorders caused by underlying medical conditions affecting the brain, leading to changes in cognition, mood, and behavior.

Excessive and prolonged alcohol intake leading to physical and mental health problems, affecting social and economic functioning.

A state of intense excitement with violence, confusion, and loss of self-control often occurring in individuals who are not habitual drinkers and reacting to small amounts of alcohol.

A strong craving for alcohol that appears periodically, lasting for a few weeks.

The process of diagnosing substance abuse involves a combination of methods including gathering information from the individual, friends, and family; observing their characteristics and behaviors; and conducting blood or urine tests to detect drug levels.

Alcohol in small amounts can create a sense of well-being, while in large quantities, it leads to symptoms like muscle coordination problems, poor judgment, nausea, vomiting, double vision, unsteady gait, memory loss, cold skin, and potentially coma or death.

Alcoholism can cause a range of mental health problems, including depression.

Factors contributing to alcoholism include personal stress, peer pressure, poor upbringing, anxiety, genetic predisposition, low self-esteem, and certain occupations.

Management of substance abuse involves inducing vomiting (e.g., giving salty water), bathing, providing warm sweet drinks (e.g., coffee, sugary food), encouraging sleep, and educating the individual about the harmful effects of substance abuse.

A neurocognitive disorder characterized by memory loss, particularly of recent events, and confusion, often caused by thiamine deficiency due to alcoholism.

A condition characterized by severe tremors, usually in the hands, due to alcohol withdrawal.

A severe form of thiamine deficiency that affects the brain, leading to confusion, memory loss, and coordination problems.

A condition characterized by mental and physical deterioration due to prolonged and heavy alcohol consumption.

A chronic condition involving the liver, characterized by scarring and reduced function, often caused by chronic alcohol abuse.

Physical manifestations of chronic alcoholism include neglect of personal hygiene, memory defects, irritability, violence, delusions, and sexual dysfunction.

A long-term condition involving excessive and harmful use of alcohol, leading to various social, physical, and psychological consequences.

A chronic liver disease caused by long-term alcohol abuse, characterized by scarring and inflammation, potentially leading to liver failure.

Inflammation and damage of the nerves, particularly in the legs and feet, caused by long-term alcohol abuse, leading to numbness, tingling, and pain.

A severe mental disorder characterized by loss of contact with reality, often accompanied by hallucinations and delusions, sometimes caused by prolonged alcohol abuse.

A collection of programs designed to help individuals with alcohol dependence overcome their addiction and regain control of their lives.

A type of therapy that uses unpleasant stimuli, like a drug that induces nausea, to create an aversion to alcohol, aiming to discourage drinking.

A self-help group that provides support, fellowship, and a shared experience for individuals recovering from alcohol addiction.