Psychology Chapter on Attitudes
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Questions and Answers

Which factor is a moderating variable that strengthens the attitude-behavior relationship?

  • Socioeconomic status
  • Workplace environment
  • Peer influence
  • Presence of social pressures (correct)

    • What does job involvement primarily reflect?

  • The variety of skills required for the job
  • A person's income level from the job
  • The duration of time spent at the job
  • The degree of identification with and importance of the job to self-worth (correct)

    • Which attitude involves identifying with an organization's goals?

  • Job Involvement
  • Psychological Empowerment
  • Job Satisfaction
  • Organizational Commitment (correct)

    • Which aspect does Perceived Organizational Support (POS) primarily relate to?

    <p>Employees believing the organization values their contributions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does direct personal experience affect the attitude-behavior relationship?

    <p>It strengthens the relationship.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of an attitude reflects an individual's feelings about an object, person, or event?

    <p>Evaluative component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon describes the discomfort experienced when there is inconsistency between attitudes and behavior?

    <p>Cognitive dissonance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily influenced by the attitudes that people hold?

    <p>Behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about attitudes is true?

    <p>They are evaluative statements about various subjects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does cognitive dissonance affect a person's approach to their attitudes?

    <p>It pushes them to seek consistency among their attitudes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is employee engagement primarily characterized by?

    <p>Individual's involvement, satisfaction, and enthusiasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two approaches are popular for measuring job satisfaction?

    <p>Single global rating and summation of job facets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What trend has been observed in job satisfaction levels over the last 30 years in the U.S.?

    <p>General satisfaction, with recent economic downturn causing declines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause confusion regarding the distinctness of major job attitudes?

    <p>The overlap and relationships among the attitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factors were considered in determining the worst jobs for job satisfaction in 2016?

    <p>Physical demands, work environment, income, stress, and hiring outlook</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key predictor of job satisfaction?

    <p>Job conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does personality influence job satisfaction?

    <p>Positive core self-evaluations lead to higher satisfaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) play in job satisfaction?

    <p>It increases job satisfaction, particularly for Millennials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT directly mentioned as influencing job satisfaction?

    <p>Payment structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is included in the definition of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?

    <p>Environmental sustainability initiatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors should be evaluated to improve employee satisfaction?

    <p>The alignment of employee interests with their job's intrinsic aspects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is unlikely to solely create a satisfying work environment?

    <p>Increased pay without job interest alignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To create work that is more interesting for employees, one should focus on:

    <p>Providing challenging and engaging tasks that align with their interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach can lead to improved employee satisfaction?

    <p>Evaluate the compatibility of employee work interests with their tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered an intrinsic part of a job?

    <p>The personal fulfillment and challenge the job provides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Attitudes

    • Attitudes are evaluative statements that show how we feel about something.
    • The three components of an attitude are:
      • Cognitive: This refers to the belief or opinion about the object of the attitude.
      • Affective: This refers to the feeling and emotion towards the object of the attitude.
      • Behavioral: This refers to the action or behavior that is taken in response to the object of the attitude.
    • Cognitive Dissonance: This is the inconsistency an individual might perceive between two or more attitudes, behaviors, or beliefs.
    • People seek consistency among their attitudes and their behavior.
    • The attitude-behavior relationship is stronger when the attitude is important, there is an alignment between attitude and behavior, and there is an absence of social pressures.

    Job Attitudes

    • Job Satisfaction: This is the positive feeling about a job that comes from evaluating its characteristics.
    • Job Involvement: This is the degree to which a person identifies with their job, actively participates in it, and sees their performance as important to their self-worth.
    • Psychological Empowerment: This is the belief in the degree of influence one has over their job, their competence in their job, their job’s meaningfulness, and their autonomy in the job.
    • Organizational Commitment: This is the identification with a specific organization and its goals, and the desire to maintain membership in the organization.
    • Perceived Organizational Support (POS): This is the degree to which employees feel the organization values their contributions and cares about their well-being.
    • Employee Engagement: This is the individual’s involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for their work.
    • Job attitudes are highly related and sometimes overlap.

    Job Satisfaction

    • The single global rating and the summation of job facets are two popular approaches to measuring job satisfaction
    • In the U.S. and most developed countries, employees have generally been satisfied with their jobs over the last 30 years.
    • Satisfaction levels differ depending on the job facet involved.
    • There are cultural differences in job satisfaction.
    • Job conditions, personality, pay, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) are all causes of job satisfaction.
    • Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is self-regulated action that benefits society or the environment beyond what is required by law.
    • High pay alone is unlikely to create a satisfying work environment.

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    Description

    Explore the intricacies of attitudes, including their cognitive, affective, and behavioral components. This quiz delves into how attitudes influence job satisfaction and the relationship between attitude and behavior, highlighting concepts like cognitive dissonance. Test your understanding of these psychological principles.

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