Psychology Chapter: Maslow and Rogers Theories

A holistic perspective on motivation suggests that individuals are driven by a variety of factors, not just one single force.

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a pyramid-shaped model that organizes human needs in a hierarchical manner, with basic needs at the bottom and self-actualization at the top.

Physiological needs, like breathing, food, and sleep, are fundamental requirements for survival and must be met before any other needs can be addressed.

Safety needs encompass the desire for security, stability, and protection from physical and emotional harm.

Love and Belongingness needs refer to the human desire for connection, affection, and sense of community. These needs are vital for social well-being and mental health.

Esteem needs involve the desire for self-respect, recognition, and accomplishment. These needs are essential for a positive self-image and confidence.

Reputation refers to the perception of an individual's prestige, recognition, or fame in the eyes of others.

Self-esteem refers to an individual's own feelings of worth and confidence, their internal sense of self-value.

A belief that humans have innate potential for growth and self-actualization, focusing on positive aspects of human nature and their drive towards realizing their full capabilities.

The highest level of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, characterized by the realization of one's full potential, creativity, and a sense of accomplishment.

A psychological approach to therapy focusing on the individual's unique experience, self-awareness, and personal growth. It believes that each person has the capacity to heal and grow towards self-actualization.

A key assumption of Person-Centered Therapy, stating that every individual possesses the inherent capability to understand and resolve their own problems.

A core principle of Person-Centered Therapy, emphasizing the importance of unconditional positive regard in therapeutic relationships. This involves accepting and valuing the client without judgment or conditions.

The inherent force in all living things, both organic and inorganic, to evolve from simpler to more complex forms.

A crucial element of Person-Centered Therapy, it emphasizes the importance of empathy and understanding the client's perspective from their unique frame of reference.

A fundamental principle of Person-Centered Therapy, it highlights the importance of honesty and authenticity in the therapeutic relationship. This means being open, genuine, and true to oneself, setting an example for the client.

The natural inclination within humans (and other living beings) to achieve their full potential and become the best version of themselves.

A fundamental need for human survival and well-being, encompassing basic needs like food, water, and shelter.

The inclination to resist change and maintain a comfortable self-concept.

Part of the actualizing tendency, driven by curiosity, exploration, growth, and seeking new experiences.

The sum total of all the aspects of oneself that are perceived in awareness, including beliefs, values, and experiences.

An idealized vision of oneself, encompassing all the attributes and qualities that a person aspires to possess.

The process of becoming consciously aware of thoughts, feelings, and experiences.

A theory's ability to generate new research questions and inspire further investigation.

A theory's ability to be tested and potentially proven false.

A theory's ability to explain existing knowledge about human behavior.

A theory's ability to provide clear guidelines for practical problem solving.

A theory's consistency in its concepts and definitions.

A theory's use of precise and well-defined terms.

A theory's ability to be clear and concise in its explanations.

A theory's ability to be understood and used by others.

The tendency of basic behaviors, like addictive ones, to persist even without reinforcement.

Motives that are self-sustaining and rooted in the individual's sense of self, such as interests.

The way an individual behaves, acting as a guide rather than a trigger for actions.

Information about a person's life obtained through observations by others.

Data gathered from questionnaires, focusing on a person's self-reported experiences.

Data derived from objective tests, often measuring specific abilities or traits.

Personality traits that represent fundamental behavioral tendencies.

Observable personality characteristics that are combinations of source traits.

The existential crisis that occurs when we realize our own mortality, our freedom of choice, and the responsibility and meaninglessness of life.

The ability to choose our own actions and paths in life, making us responsible for our choices and the consequences that follow.

The internal freedom to shape our own being and identity, independent of external circumstances.

The state of being present in the world and engaging with life in a meaningful way, often involving passionate experiences and authentic relationships.

The feeling of being responsible for our actions and their consequences, acknowledging our choices and their impact on ourselves and others.

A deep connection with others, characterized by genuine care, empathy, and commitment. It involves both loving and being loved in a reciprocal way.

Love that involves a sense of responsibility and commitment towards the well-being of the loved one, taking action to support and care for them.

Existential psychology views people as having the capacity to create their own meaning in life and to make choices that shape their own destiny. This perspective emphasizes individual responsibility and freedom, as well as the importance of authenticity and meaning-making.