Psychology Chapter: Emotions and Neurotransmitters
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why the frontal lobes are of most interest to psychotherapy interventions like CBT?

  • They are responsible for storing long-term memories.
  • They control the body's motor functions.
  • They are responsible for processing sensory information.
  • They are home to the PFC, which is involved in executive functions. (correct)

    • What is the function of catechol-o-methyltransferase?

  • Deaminates norepinephrine
  • Methylates norepinephrine and intermediate metabolites (correct)
  • Synthesizes norepinephrine from dopamine
  • Converts norepinephrine to normetanephrine

    • What is one of the executive functions associated with the PFC in the frontal lobes?

  • Language processing
  • Visual perception
  • Concentration and organization (correct)
  • Emotional expression

    • What is NOT a function associated with the frontal lobes?

    <p>Language comprehension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the reaction catalyzed by monoamine oxidase?

    <p>Aldehydes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the substrate for monoamine oxidase?

    <p>Norepinephrine and normetanephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the ability to regulate one's emotions, which is associated with the frontal lobes?

    <p>Emotional regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the functions of catechol-o-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase?

    <p>Catechol-o-methyltransferase methylates, while monoamine oxidase deaminates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the outcome of having healthy frontal lobe function?

    <p>Healthy relationships with oneself and others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a metabolite of norepinephrine?

    <p>Dopamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when reuptake or enzyme degradation is blocked?

    <p>A higher concentration of neurotransmitter is available in the synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of enzyme degradation in neurotransmission?

    <p>To decrease the concentration of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of reuptake in neurotransmission?

    <p>To terminate the action of neurotransmitters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net result of blocking reuptake and enzyme degradation?

    <p>Increased neurotransmitter activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of regulating neurotransmitter activity?

    <p>Regulation of reuptake and enzyme degradation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptor does Memantine antagonize?

    <p>NMDA receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Memantine in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Blocking the influx of calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication for Memantine (Namenda) in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease?

    <p>Moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the brand-name medication that is an NMDA receptor antagonist?

    <p>Namenda</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between Memantine and GABA?

    <p>Memantine has no effect on GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The left OFC is associated with emotions that are

    <p>more positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The right OFC is associated with emotions that are

    <p>more negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between the left and right OFC?

    <p>Emotional associations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the left OFC?

    <p>Processing negative emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the hemispherical differences in the OFC?

    <p>They are similar to other areas of the PFC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    OFC Hemispherical Differences

    • Left OFC is associated with positive emotions
    • Right OFC is associated with more negative emotions

    Memantine (Namenda)

    • NMDA receptor antagonist
    • Blocks influx of calcium
    • Indicated for patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease

    Neurotransmitter Regulation

    • GABA: inhibitory neurotransmitter
    • Catechol-o-methyltransferase: methylates norepinephrine and intermediate metabolites
    • Monoamine oxidase: deaminates norepinephrine and normetanephrine to their corresponding aldehydes
    • Reuptake or enzyme degradation blockage: increases neurotransmitter concentration in the synaptic cleft

    Frontal Lobes and PFC

    • Frontal lobes: home to the prefrontal cortex (PFC)
    • PFC: involved in executive functions, including:
      • Concentration
      • Organization
      • Judgment
      • Reasoning
      • Decision-making
      • Creativity
      • Emotional regulation
      • Social-relational abilities
      • Abstract thinking
    • Importance of PFC in healthy relationships with oneself and others

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    Description

    This quiz covers the differences in brain hemispheres and their relation to emotions, the effects of Memantine on Alzheimer's disease, and the regulation of neurotransmitters like GABA and norepinephrine.

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