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Questions and Answers
Which of the following are factors involved in relationship formation?
Which of the following are factors involved in relationship formation?
- Attractiveness
- Proximity
- Social Exchange Theory
- All of the above (correct)
What are the three types of social support?
What are the three types of social support?
- Emotional, informational, and instrumental (correct)
- Social, emotional, and physical
- Financial, academic, and logistical
- None of the above
Which of the following is NOT a dialectical tension in personal relationships?
Which of the following is NOT a dialectical tension in personal relationships?
- Openness-Closedness
- Predictability-Novelty
- Empathy-Compassion (correct)
- Separation-Integration
What is the key to maintaining commitment while creating space for individuality in personal relationships?
What is the key to maintaining commitment while creating space for individuality in personal relationships?
Which of these is a stage of relationship development?
Which of these is a stage of relationship development?
Which of the following is NOT a relational maintenance strategy?
Which of the following is NOT a relational maintenance strategy?
During which stage of relationship development does a personal relationship develop?
During which stage of relationship development does a personal relationship develop?
In which stage of relationship development does a couple have their own identity as a social unit?
In which stage of relationship development does a couple have their own identity as a social unit?
What is the hallmark characteristic of the Differentiating stage?
What is the hallmark characteristic of the Differentiating stage?
The Circumscribing stage involves increased intimacy, sharing, and communication.
The Circumscribing stage involves increased intimacy, sharing, and communication.
The Stagnating stage is characterized by enthusiasm and novelty in the relationship.
The Stagnating stage is characterized by enthusiasm and novelty in the relationship.
During the Avoiding stage, physical and emotional distance is created.
During the Avoiding stage, physical and emotional distance is created.
The Terminating stage implies the relationship is over.
The Terminating stage implies the relationship is over.
What can a relational transgression be?
What can a relational transgression be?
What is the main goal of apology for relational repair?
What is the main goal of apology for relational repair?
Forgiving transgressions in a relationship can be difficult but has no relational benefits.
Forgiving transgressions in a relationship can be difficult but has no relational benefits.
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Study Notes
Chapter 9: Relationships
- Relationships are formed based on various factors
- Attractiveness, proximity, similarity, and complementarity influence relationship development
- Disclosure is another crucial element
Forming Relationships
- Social Exchange Theory: Rewards minus Costs equals Outcome
- Comparison Level: individual's perceived worth
- Comparison Level of Alternatives: evaluation of potential alternatives
Why We Form Relationships
- Purpose: work, tasks, or social connections
- Fundamental need to belong
- Social support encompasses: emotional, informational, and instrumental support
Personal Relationships
- Defined by commitment, interdependence, and investment
- Dialectical tensions involve opposing needs such as: separation-integration, openness-closedness, predictability-novelty, similarity-difference, and ideal-real
Developmental Models of Interpersonal Relationships
- Stages of relationship development include initiation, experimenting, intensifying, integrating, bonding, differentiating, circumscribing, stagnating, avoiding, and terminating
- Relational maintenance is crucial throughout these stages and includes positivity, openness, assurances, sharing tasks, networking, conflict management, and advice
Stages of Relationship Development
- Initiating: first interaction, demonstrating worth
- Experimenting: conversations to learn about each other through small talk and "auditioning"
- Intensifying: relationship develops, excitement and euphoria
- Integrating: the relationship has its own identity, social circles merge, sense of obligation grows
- Bonding: symbolic public gestures showing relationship's existence. Relationships don't need to be romantic for bonding. A turning point
- Differentiating: viewing differences as undesirable; individual identity is reaffirmed
- Circumscribing: decreased communication quality and quantity
- Stagnating: minimal communication, relationship is a shell of its former self
- Avoiding: creating physical and emotional distance
- Terminating: relationship ends, desire for separation, can be short or drawn out; a learning experience
Limits of Developmental Models
- Stages aren't always followed sequentially
- "coming together" and "coming apart" stages can occur simultaneously
Repairing Damaged Relationships
- Relational transgressions occur when one partner violates the relationship's implicit or explicit terms
- Types of transgressions include minor vs. significant, social vs. relational, deliberate vs. unintentional, and one-time vs. incremental
- Strategies for repair include talking about the violation, apologizing, and forgiveness
Strategies for Relational Repair
- Talking about the violation non-defensively
- Apologizing explicitly admitting wrongdoing, showing genuine regret, and making amends
- Making sure nonverbal cues align with the words
- Forgiveness has personal and relational benefits. Recalling times you needed forgiveness can help in this process.
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Description
Explore the intricate dynamics of interpersonal relationships in Psychology Chapter 9. This quiz covers factors influencing relationship development, the importance of social exchange theory, and the fundamental needs that drive individuals to form connections. Test your knowledge on commitment, dialectical tensions, and more!
