Psychology Chapter 5: Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Theory
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Questions and Answers

What contributes to the increase in ethnic identity over time?

  • Psychological moratorium and identity foreclosure
  • Peer support and success in school
  • Erikson's theory of psychosocial development
  • Parental approval and positive feedback from adults (correct)

According to Erikson's theory, what occurs during the fifth stage of psychosocial development?

  • Identity foreclosure
  • Psychological moratorium
  • Identity vs. identity diffusion (correct)
  • Parental approval and peer support

What is the term for the period during which individuals are free from obligations and responsibilities and can experiment with different roles and personalities?

  • Identity diffusion
  • Identity vs. identity diffusion
  • Psychological moratorium (correct)
  • Identity foreclosure

What is characterized by an incomplete sense of self?

<p>Identity diffusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of premature establishment of identity without experimentation?

<p>Identity foreclosure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three factors that predict high self-esteem?

<p>Parental approval, peer support, and success in school (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following identity statuses is characterized by an individual having made commitments without a period of exploration?

<p>Identity Foreclosure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which identity status is associated with high anxiety and conflict with authority?

<p>Moratorium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an individual with an Identity Achievement status?

<p>Establishment of a coherent sense of identity after exploration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which identity status is associated with high prejudice and need for social approval?

<p>Identity Foreclosure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an individual with an Identity Diffusion status?

<p>Lack of firm commitments and no exploration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the pattern of shift in identity status over time, according to James Marcia's perspective?

<p>Moving back and forth between statuses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are adolescents more influenced by social perceptions and concerns about reputation?

<p>They pay attention to who they partner with and peer opinions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be an effective way to halt the spread of STDs across many individuals?

<p>Changing the behavior of any individual within the chain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is associated with earlier sexual behavior in boys?

<p>Higher levels of androgens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of parenting is associated with lower likelihood of early sexual activity and risky sexual behavior?

<p>Authoritative parenting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can influence girls' decision to engage in sexual behavior?

<p>Both biological and social factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can influence an individual's decision to engage in sexual behavior based on their peers?

<p>Their perception of their peers' behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant predictor of delayed sexual activity in terms of religious influence?

<p>Regular church attendance only if friends attend the same church (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common stereotype about girls and sex in the U.S. culture context?

<p>Girls expect something else in return for sex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of boys in terms of sexual behavior according to the cultural context in the U.S.?

<p>Separating sex and intimacy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the second stage of sexual activity in terms of psychological development?

<p>Sexual activity with another person, less to more intimate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correlation between sexual activity and psychological development?

<p>Not correlated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an effective approach to sex education?

<p>Delaying the initiation of sex and risky behavior (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that triggers major depression in adolescence?

<p>Romantic break-ups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the model that suggests internalizing disorders develop from the interaction of environmental conditions and individual predisposition?

<p>Diathesis-stress model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT associated with depression according to research?

<p>Social media activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four key stressors that can trigger internalizing disorders?

<p>Families with conflict, poor peer relationships, poverty, and romantic break-ups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the interaction between an individual's vulnerability and exposure to stressful life events?

<p>Internalizing disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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