Questions and Answers
Which variable is the 'cause' variable?
Explanatory
Which variable is the 'effect' variable?
Response
What is the difference between association and causation?
Association is where the explanatory and response variables are related. Causation is where the explanatory variable causes the response variable.
What are confounding variables?
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How do we balance confounding variables?
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Can we do anything about confounding variables in observational studies?
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Random assignment allows us to...
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Random sampling allows us to...
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Study Notes
Variables in Research
- Explanatory variable is referred to as the "cause" variable.
- Response variable is recognized as the "effect" variable.
Association vs. Causation
- Association indicates a relationship between explanatory and response variables.
- Causation implies that the explanatory variable directly influences the response variable.
Confounding Variables
- Confounding variables are external factors that can distort the perceived relationship between the main variables by accounting for differences in data.
Balancing Confounding Variables
- Random assignment is a technique used to mitigate the influence of confounding variables in research studies.
Observational Studies
- In observational studies, there is no possibility to control or eliminate the effects of confounding variables.
Conclusion from Random Assignment
- Employing random assignment enables researchers to draw valid conclusions about causation (cause and effect relationships).
Use of Random Sampling
- Random sampling is used to ensure that the findings can be generalized to a larger population beyond the sample studied.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Chapter 4 of Psychology, focusing on the concepts of association and causation. This quiz will explore the definitions of explanatory and response variables and their interrelationship. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of these key concepts.
