A1. Assumptions of four approaches
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Questions and Answers

What does the 'computer analogy' assumption in psychology suggest?

  • Culture has no influence on individual behavior.
  • Human behavior is solely determined by genetic factors.
  • Learning occurs through direct reinforcement only.
  • The mind works similarly to a machine with input, processing, storage, and output stages. (correct)
  • Which assumption emphasizes the role of genetic factors in shaping individual differences in behavior?

  • Genes (correct)
  • Neurochemistry
  • Culture
  • Imitation
  • According to the 'social context' assumption, what influences individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors?

  • Genetic factors
  • Neurochemistry
  • Social environment (correct)
  • Central nervous system
  • What is the focus of the 'information processing' assumption in psychology?

    <p>Understanding cognitive processes like perception and memory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which assumption suggests that behavior can be acquired or modified through conditioning and reinforcement?

    <p>Learned response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a psychological assumption discussed in the text?

    <p>Neuroplasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process of filling in gaps in memory with information that did not actually occur?

    <p>Confabulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the tendency to attribute one's own behavior to situational factors, but attribute others' behavior to dispositional factors?

    <p>Fundamental attribution error</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which the activation of one concept or idea can increase the accessibility of related concepts or ideas?

    <p>Semantic priming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the mental framework that helps organize and make sense of new information?

    <p>Schema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for recalling information from memory through the use of a cue or trigger?

    <p>Recall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Assumptions in Psychology

    • The "computer analogy" assumption suggests that the mind works similarly to a machine with input, processing, storage, and output stages.
    • This assumption implies that the mind processes information in a sequential and logical manner, similar to a computer.

    Genetic Factors

    • The assumption that emphasizes the role of genetic factors in shaping individual differences in behavior is the idea that human behavior is influenced by genes.
    • This idea is represented by option c) Genes.

    Social Context

    • The "social context" assumption suggests that individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by their social environment.
    • This assumption emphasizes the role of social factors in shaping behavior.

    Information Processing

    • The focus of the "information processing" assumption in psychology is understanding cognitive processes like perception and memory.
    • This assumption explores how the mind processes and interprets information from the environment.

    Learning and Conditioning

    • The assumption that suggests behavior can be acquired or modified through conditioning and reinforcement is the learned response assumption.
    • This idea is represented by option a) Learned response.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of psychology concepts, including the computer analogy assumption, genetic factors in behavior, and social cognitive theory. Identify the correct explanations and assumptions in psychology.

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