Psychology Chapter 15: Emotions

<p>Activation of NMDA glutamate receptors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Medial temporal lobe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changes in neurotransmitter interactions and synapse formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Affects gene transcription rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mice display fear responses in non-fearful contexts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They assist in experiencing and evaluating the environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>James-Lange Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jealousy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Facial expressions can influence emotional experiences. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is paired with an unpleasant experience to learn fear. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Central amygdala (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Brain imaging can provide specific information about lying. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fear responses occur in safe environments. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physiological responses and external context. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Emotional experiences may be negatively affected. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hallucinations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amygdala (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of gray matter in the frontal lobes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dopamine hypothesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To manage psychosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of memories before the onset of amnesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By increasing serotonin availability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased cortisol levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It improves trust-related interactions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hyperactive amygdala and hypoactive prefrontal cortex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antipsychotics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental stress and immigration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anhedonia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amygdala (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Emotions help us experience and evaluate our surroundings.

Bodily changes cause emotions; different reactions lead to different emotions.

Emotions depend on physical responses and context; what others feel matters.

Lie detectors measure sympathetic reactions (not specifically lying) while brain scans measure specific brain areas associated with lying.

Anger, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise, and disgust. These are common across cultures.

Facial expressions influence mood. Smiling can make you happier.

Amygdala is a key structure for processing fear, with fast (low road) and slow (high road) pathways.

Pairing neutral stimulus (tone) with unpleasant one (shock) to create a fear response to neutral stimulus.

Fear reactions occurring in safe situations, often due to the fear system outpacing normal controls.

Brain regions associated with emotions.

The hippocampus is a brain region crucial for forming new memories.

Declarative memory (explicit, 'what') stores facts, while non-declarative memory (implicit, 'how') stores skills.

Semantic memory is a type of declarative memory storing general knowledge about the world.

Episodic memory is a type of declarative memory storing personal experiences and events.

Memory formation involves three stages: encoding (sensory to STM), consolidation (STM to LTM), and retrieval (accessing LTM).

The Primacy effect explains why you remember items at the beginning of a list better.

The Recency effect explains why you remember items at the end of a list better.

Memories are stored in the brain through physical changes, involving neurotransmitters, synapses, and neuronal activity.

Damage to the amygdala, a brain structure, can impair the recognition of fear from facial expressions.

Abnormal behaviors gained, like hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thoughts and speech.

Symptoms resulting from lost functions, such as emotional withdrawal and blunted affect.

Individuals with schizophrenia often show jerky, unsmooth eye movements when tracking objects.

Factors increasing the likelihood of developing schizophrenia, including genetics, environment, development, and epigenetics.

Theory suggesting schizophrenia symptoms are due to underactivation of the frontal lobes.

The idea that schizophrenia is caused by too much dopamine activity in the brain.

Anhedonia, the inability to experience pleasure, is a hallmark symptom of depression.

Proposed that depression is caused by a deficiency in monoamine neurotransmitters, like serotonin and norepinephrine.

High levels of stress hormones, especially glucocorticoids, may contribute to depression.

Loss of memories before the onset of amnesia.

Inability to form new memories after the onset of amnesia.

Famous patient with amnesia due to brain surgery, crucial for understanding memory.