Psychology Chapter 11 & 12: Self and Identity
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Questions and Answers

What are the two things people generally consider when acquiring material goods?

Utility and significance

According to John Heskett, design combines "need" and "desire" to create a practical object that reflects the user's identity and aspirations.

True

Roland Barthes was a French philosopher who explored the relationship between people and objects.

True

In Semiotic Analysis, all objects have a simple, purely functional meaning.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Objects are not just things but are reflections of the wider lives of communication and individuals.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Tuan, having and possessing things is a part of our fragile sense of self, and that it is what we have and possess that defines us.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does William James say about the sum total of what we can call our own?

<p>A man's self is the sum total of all that he can call his; not only his body and his psychic powers but also his clothes, his house, his wife and children, his ancestors and friends, his reputation, his works, his lands, yacht and bank account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Material self can be explained through self-extension, where both good and bad aspects of objects are seen to attach to people through their physical contact or proximity.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four categories of meaningful functions that material goods can fulfill?

<p>Instrumental, social, symbolic, and affective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Sartre, a person can only incorporate an object into their extended self by creating it.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the six modes of interpersonal contamination identified by Goffman?

<p>Violation of personal space, touching and bodily contact, glancing, looking, and staring, noise pollution, talking to/addressing one, and bodily excreta.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Boorstin, one of the key ways of expressing and defining group membership is through the use of shared consumption symbols.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The importance of material possessions tends to increase as people age.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The self-extension occurs through control and mastery of an object, through creation of an object, through knowledge of an object, through contamination via proximity, and habituation to an object.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of consumer culture in shaping our sense of self?

<p>Consumer culture unconsciously (and sometimes consciously) knows that their possessions are intimately tied to their sense of self.; Product ownership and use help consumers define and live out their identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consumer goods are often consumed primarily because of their functional satisfaction.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Consumerism is the preoccupation with an inclination towards the buying of consumer goods, fueled by accessibility and the societal perception that high-class consumption legitimizes consumer culture in everyday lives.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to William James, what is a man's self?

<p>A man's self is the sum total of all that he can call his, not only his body, mind and psychic powers but his clothes and his house, his wife and children, his ancestors and friends, his reputation and works, his lands, his yacht, and his bank account.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two elements of a sign, according to Roland Barthes?

<p>Signifier and signified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to John Heskett, industrial design combines 'need' and 'desire' in the form of a practical object that reflects the user's identity and aspirations.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Material self suggests that the environment surroundings do not affect what we think we need, versus what we really need.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these are factors that influence purchasing decisions (select all that apply)?

<p>Financial constraints</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are considered instrumental functions of possessions (select all that apply)?

<p>A person purchases a pick-up style car for family and business functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Sartre, what is a key way of incorporating possessions into the extended self?

<p>Overcoming the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

Goffman identifies 'Bodily excreta; as a form of interpersonal contamination.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Boorstin, one of the key ways of expressing and defining group membership is through shared consumption symbols.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a key characteristic of the 'personal identity' view of self as it relates to consumer behavior?

<p>Self is seen as a sum of personal qualities, more or less enduring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a mode of interpersonal contamination as suggested by Goffman?

<p>Acquiring possessions of another person</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to William James, a person's sense of self is the sum total of everything they can call their own, including physical possessions, relationships, and achievements.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term 'sacred' refers to things that are ordinary, everyday things that have no special meaning.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the study of objects as signs?

<p>Semiology</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way that possessions can be incorporated into the extended self, according to Sartre?

<p>Imitating or mimicking a person who possesses the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Boorstin, what is one of the key ways people express and define group membership?

<p>Through shared consumption symbols</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the set of beliefs, practices, and rituals that connect an individual with a sacred or transcendent other, according to Santrock?

<p>Religion</p> Signup and view all the answers

The spiritual self focuses on an individual's construction of their relationship to the sacred and ultimate meaning.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Week 11: Material Self

  • Possessions are a significant contributor to and reflection of identity.
  • The environment surrounding a person affects their perception of needs versus wants.
  • Consumer behavior research shows that people connect their possessions with their identities, either intentionally or unintentionally.
  • People are more likely to buy products that match their personality.
  • Material possessions are linked to a person's sense of self and identity.
  • Possessions reveal details about their owners.
  • Economic decisions are affected by a person's sense of self and identity.

Week 12: Spiritual Self

  • This chapter discusses various world religions, early Filipino beliefs, and their beliefs in faith healers.
  • It examines beliefs in supernatural beings, rituals, ceremonies, and spiritual practices.
  • It also explores the practice of religion's role in creating meaning in life.
  • Early Filipinos practiced animistic beliefs, and they believed in spirits in natural objects.
  • The Philippines is predominantly Christian, but other beliefs and practices continue.
  • Religion and spirituality are important in shaping one's identity and values.
  • Memories of the dead are often preserved through artifacts.

Week 14: Digital Self

  • The digital self is a modern phenomenon, influenced by rapid technological advancement and reliance on the internet.
  • Digital platforms help people express themselves and manage their identities online.
  • Digital citizenship refers to responsible behavior online.
  • People use technology to showcase personal traits, qualities, and experiences.
  • Online behaviors can be a reflection of one's self-concept.
  • Online interactions can be a way of expressing identity
  • Issues of online disinhibition arise, as users' online behaviors might differ from their real-world behaviors.

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Related Documents

GED 101 Understanding the Self - Week 11: Material Self PDF

Description

Explore the concepts of material and spiritual self in psychology. Week 11 delves into how possessions shape identity and consumer behavior, while Week 12 examines belief systems in various religions, focusing on early Filipino spirituality. Understand the significant role of material goods and spiritual practices in shaping personal identity.

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