Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is personality?
What is personality?
- A theory that describes similarities in people's behaviors.
- An individual's consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving. (correct)
- An unconscious component of personality.
- The psychological energy associated with sexuality.
What does personality theory attempt to explain?
What does personality theory attempt to explain?
Similarities and differences in people's patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
What is psychoanalysis according to Freud?
What is psychoanalysis according to Freud?
It emphasizes unconscious determinants of behavior, sexual and aggressive drives, and early childhood experiences.
What is free association?
What is free association?
What does the term unconscious mean in Freud's theory?
What does the term unconscious mean in Freud's theory?
What is the id?
What is the id?
What does eros refer to in psychology?
What does eros refer to in psychology?
How is libido defined?
How is libido defined?
What does thanatos represent?
What does thanatos represent?
What is the pleasure principle?
What is the pleasure principle?
What is the ego?
What is the ego?
Define reality principle.
Define reality principle.
What is the superego?
What is the superego?
What are ego defense mechanisms?
What are ego defense mechanisms?
What is repression?
What is repression?
What does displacement refer to?
What does displacement refer to?
Define sublimation.
Define sublimation.
What are psychosexual stages according to Freud?
What are psychosexual stages according to Freud?
What is the Oedipus complex?
What is the Oedipus complex?
How is identification defined in psychology?
How is identification defined in psychology?
What is the collective unconscious according to Jung?
What is the collective unconscious according to Jung?
Define archetypes in Jung's theory.
Define archetypes in Jung's theory.
What is humanistic psychology?
What is humanistic psychology?
What is the actualizing tendency in Rogers' theory?
What is the actualizing tendency in Rogers' theory?
What is self-concept?
What is self-concept?
Define conditional positive regard.
Define conditional positive regard.
What is unconditional positive regard?
What is unconditional positive regard?
Describe social cognitive theory.
Describe social cognitive theory.
What is reciprocal determinism?
What is reciprocal determinism?
Define self-efficacy.
Define self-efficacy.
What is a trait?
What is a trait?
What does trait theory focus on?
What does trait theory focus on?
What are surface traits?
What are surface traits?
Define source traits.
Define source traits.
What is the five-factor model of personality?
What is the five-factor model of personality?
What is behavioral genetics?
What is behavioral genetics?
What is a physiological test?
What is a physiological test?
What is a projective test?
What is a projective test?
What is the Rorschach inkblot test?
What is the Rorschach inkblot test?
Define graphology.
Define graphology.
What is the Thematic Apperception Test?
What is the Thematic Apperception Test?
What is a self-report inventory?
What is a self-report inventory?
What is the MMPI?
What is the MMPI?
What does CPI stand for?
What does CPI stand for?
What is the 16PF?
What is the 16PF?
Study Notes
Personality Concepts
- Personality is characterized by consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.
- Personality theory aims to describe and explain individual differences in these patterns.
Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory
- Psychoanalysis focuses on unconscious influences, instinctual drives, and early childhood experiences.
- Free Association is a technique where patients report thoughts and feelings spontaneously.
- The unconscious holds drives and thoughts that are not in conscious awareness.
- The Id is the irrational part of personality seeking immediate gratification, governed by the pleasure principle.
- Eros represents life instincts that include sexual drives and self-preservation.
- Libido is the psychological energy related to sexual expression.
- Thanatos refers to the death instinct, manifesting in aggressive and self-destructive behaviors.
Ego and Defense Mechanisms
- The Pleasure Principle drives the Id's need for immediate pleasure while avoiding discomfort.
- The Ego is the rational part managing thoughts and behaviors in accordance with reality.
- The Reality Principle allows for delayed gratification based on external circumstances.
- The Superego reflects moral standards internalized from parents and society.
- Ego defense mechanisms, like repression, displacement, and sublimation, help manage anxiety and unconscious conflicts.
Developmental Stages
- Psychosexual Stages refer to developmental periods focused on different body areas and associated activities.
- The Oedipus Complex describes a child's sexual desire toward the opposite-sex parent and rivalry with the same-sex parent.
Jung's Analytic Psychology
- Collective unconscious contains shared ancestral experiences and ideas.
- Archetypes are universal mental images central to the collective unconscious.
Humanistic Psychology
- Emphasizes the inherent goodness and potential for self-actualization in individuals.
- The Actualizing Tendency is the drive to enhance the human organism.
- Self-concept reflects personal perceptions and beliefs about oneself.
Positive Regard
- Conditional Positive Regard means individuals feel valued only for acceptable behaviors.
- Unconditional Positive Regard promotes acceptance regardless of behavior conformity.
Social Cognitive Theory
- Bandura's theory focuses on observational learning, cognitive processes, and reciprocal determinism.
- Reciprocal determinism explains personality through the interaction of behavior, cognition, and environment.
- Self-efficacy is the belief in one's capabilities to meet challenges.
Trait Theory
- Traits are stable predispositions for consistent behavior.
- Trait Theory aims to identify and measure individual behavioral predispositions.
- Surface traits are observable personality characteristics, while source traits represent fundamental dimensions of personality.
Five-Factor Model
- Identifies five core personality traits: extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience.
Behavioral Genetics
- Examines the interplay between genetics and behavior.
Personality Assessment Methods
- Physiological Tests assess behavior through systematic samples.
- Projective Tests, like the Rorschach Inkblot Test, involve interpreting ambiguous stimuli.
- Thematic Appreciation Test assesses personality by creating narratives from ambiguous scenes.
- Self-report inventories evaluate personality through standardized questions.
- MMPI assesses personality characteristics and psychological disorders.
- CPI focuses on personality assessment in normal populations.
- 16PF provides a comprehensive personality profile across 16 dimensions.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts from Chapter 10 of Psychology. This quiz covers essential terms such as personality, personality theory, and psychoanalysis. Study these foundational ideas to better understand human behavior and mental processes.