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Questions and Answers
How would a Psychoanalytical psychologist likely explain the behavior of tripping another classmate?
How would a Psychoanalytical psychologist likely explain the behavior of tripping another classmate?
What would a Behavioral psychologist emphasize in relation to checking your phone multiple times in class?
What would a Behavioral psychologist emphasize in relation to checking your phone multiple times in class?
Which explanation would a Cognitive psychologist give for someone looking at themselves in the mirror?
Which explanation would a Cognitive psychologist give for someone looking at themselves in the mirror?
How would Humanistic psychology interpret the act of checking a phone repeatedly during class?
How would Humanistic psychology interpret the act of checking a phone repeatedly during class?
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What would a Socio-Cultural psychologist argue about the causes of tripping another classmate?
What would a Socio-Cultural psychologist argue about the causes of tripping another classmate?
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What were the primary missions of psychology before World War II?
What were the primary missions of psychology before World War II?
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What significant change occurred in psychology after 1946?
What significant change occurred in psychology after 1946?
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What does Positive Psychology primarily emphasize?
What does Positive Psychology primarily emphasize?
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Which of the following best defines psychology?
Which of the following best defines psychology?
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Who is known for establishing the first psychology laboratory?
Who is known for establishing the first psychology laboratory?
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What was the key focus of functionalism according to William James?
What was the key focus of functionalism according to William James?
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Which concept was introduced as a response to the historical neglect of two missions of psychology?
Which concept was introduced as a response to the historical neglect of two missions of psychology?
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Which of the following best describes 'introspection' in the context of structuralism?
Which of the following best describes 'introspection' in the context of structuralism?
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Which approach places the greatest emphasis on unconscious impulses and childhood experiences?
Which approach places the greatest emphasis on unconscious impulses and childhood experiences?
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Which of the following best describes the main focus of the Humanistic Approach?
Which of the following best describes the main focus of the Humanistic Approach?
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Which contemporary approach focuses on the influence of social and cultural factors on behavior?
Which contemporary approach focuses on the influence of social and cultural factors on behavior?
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What is the primary concern of the Cognitive Approach in psychology?
What is the primary concern of the Cognitive Approach in psychology?
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Who is considered the founding father of the Psychodynamic Approach?
Who is considered the founding father of the Psychodynamic Approach?
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Which theoretical approach is primarily concerned with observable behaviors and environmental determinants?
Which theoretical approach is primarily concerned with observable behaviors and environmental determinants?
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The Evolutionary Approach in psychology focuses on which of the following?
The Evolutionary Approach in psychology focuses on which of the following?
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Which of these psychologists is NOT associated with the Humanistic Approach?
Which of these psychologists is NOT associated with the Humanistic Approach?
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Study Notes
Mission of Psychology
- Before World War II, psychology focused on curing mental illness, enhancing lives, and identifying talent.
- Post-war developments included the establishment of the Veterans Administration and the National Institute of Mental Health, leading to better treatment of mental illness and research funding.
- Despite advancements in mental health, psychology's other missions—strength and virtue—were neglected.
- The 21st century has seen a shift towards enhancing human potential through Positive Psychology and Emotional Intelligence (EI).
Defining Psychology
- Psychology is the scientific study of mental processes and behavior, exploring their interrelationship.
- Behavior involves observable actions, while mental processes encompass private thoughts, feelings, and motivations.
- Research in psychology employs systematic methods for observing and understanding human behavior.
Historical Perspective
- Key influences include Western philosophy, biology, and physiology.
- Wilhelm Wundt established the first psychology laboratory in 1879, focusing on structuralism through introspection.
- William James contributed functionalism, highlighting the adaptive functions of the mind.
Contemporary Approaches
- Various psychological approaches include Biological, Behavioral, Psychodynamic, Humanistic, Cognitive, Evolutionary, and Sociocultural.
Biological Approach
- Centers on the brain and nervous system to understand behavior, thoughts, and emotions.
- Neuroscience examines the structure, function, and development of the nervous system.
Behavioral Approach
- Focuses on observable behaviors and their environmental influences.
- Key figures include John B. Watson and B.F. Skinner.
Psychodynamic Approach
- Emphasizes unconscious impulses and childhood family experiences.
- Associated with Sigmund Freud, who explored the conflict between biological drives and societal expectations.
Sociocultural Approach
- Investigates how social and cultural contexts shape behavior.
- Compares behaviors across different countries and cultural groups.
Cognitive Approach
- Concentrates on mental processes like attention, perception, memory, thought, and problem-solving.
Humanistic Approach
- Highlights positive human qualities and the potential for personal growth.
- Significant figures include Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Positive Psychology
- Defined as the scientific study of positive traits and strengths that help individuals thrive.
- Based on the belief that people aspire to lead meaningful, fulfilling lives while enhancing experiences of love, work, and play.
Importance of Emotional Intelligence
- Emotional intelligence is crucial for understanding and managing one’s emotions, facilitating motivation and fostering positive social interactions.
- It helps avoid decisions influenced by emotional biases and is the first step toward realizing one's potential.
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Description
This quiz covers Chapter 1 of Psychology, focusing on the science of psychology, its origins, and contemporary approaches. Test your understanding of psychology's mission and the evolution of the field before and after World War II.
