The Need for Psychological Science

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a phenomenon that illustrates the need for psychological science?

  • Availability heuristic
  • Confirmation bias
  • Anchoring effect
  • Hindsight bias (correct)

What is another term for hindsight bias?

  • Confirmation bias
  • Outcome bias
  • I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon (correct)
  • Intuition bias

Which of the following is NOT a phenomenon that illustrates the need for psychological science?

  • Hindsight bias
  • Tendency to perceive patterns in random events
  • Confirmation bias (correct)
  • Judgmental overconfidence

What is the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that we could have predicted it called?

<p>Hindsight bias (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the drilling of the Deepwater Horizon oil well, what phenomenon was at play when oil industry employees took shortcuts and ignored warning signs without intending harm?

<p>Hindsight bias (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who defined psychology as the 'science of mental life' and added carefully measured observations and experiments to enhance its scientific nature?

<p>Wilhelm Wundt (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who authored the book 'Principles of Psychology' and studied human thoughts, feelings, and behaviors?

<p>William James (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which psychological approach focused on the study of observable behavior and rejected the study of mental processes?

<p>Behaviorism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did William James ask about human thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in his study of functionalism?

<p>What function might they serve? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the founder of psychology as a scientific discipline?

<p>Wilhelm Wundt (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hindsight Bias

The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that you could have predicted it.

I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon

Another name for the hindsight bias.

Behaviorism

The focus on observable behavior, not mental processes.

Functionalism

Psychological approach focused on the purpose of mental processes.

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Wilhelm Wundt

Considered the founder of psychology as a scientific discipline.

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Wilhelm Wundt

Defined psychology as the 'science of mental life'.

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William James

Authored 'Principles of Psychology'.

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William James' Question

To find out the potential function the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors serve.

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Hindsight bias

Taking shortcuts and ignoring warning signs.

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Phenomenon that illustrates one's need for psychological science.

Confirmation Bias

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