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Psychology Chapter 1 Personality Study Guide

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Psychology Chapter 1 Personality Study Guide

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of personality according to the text?

A pattern of behavior that varies greatly across situations

A person's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting (correct)

A temporary pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

A constantly changing set of behaviors

Why are theories important in understanding the phenomenon of personality?

To provide a framework for organizing data in a meaningful way (correct)

To confuse researchers by providing conflicting information

To prevent researchers from conducting further studies

To make data interpretation more difficult

Which factor is NOT mentioned as influencing personality in the text?

Education level (correct)

Race

Gender

Ethnicity

What are some big theoretical questions explored in personality according to the text?

Inherited nature or nurturing environment? Signup and view all the answers

Why should one always include gender, race, ethnicity, etc. on questionnaires?

To provide context for analyzing the results Signup and view all the answers

What does cross-cultural psychology research suggest about personality?

'Optimistic' Americans differ significantly from 'Optimistic' Asians Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between reliability and validity in the study of personality?

Reliability refers to consistency of response, while validity refers to the extent of measuring what is intended. Signup and view all the answers

Which theory focuses on the dynamic interaction between the id, ego, and superego to determine personality?

Psychodynamic theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Freud's 'id' according to his theory of personality?

It attempts to satisfy instinctual drives through childlike thinking. Signup and view all the answers

Which drive in Freud's theory is oriented towards life, survival, and pleasurable behaviors?

Life instinct - Eros Signup and view all the answers

What is the main aspect of personality that the superego represents in Freud's theory?

Moral conscience Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment method used in studying personality involves interpreting ambiguous stimuli to reveal unconscious thoughts?

Projective tests Signup and view all the answers