Psychology Approaches and Scientific Method
40 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What are the two divisions of observation in research?

  • Structured and Unstructured
  • Qualitative and Quantitative
  • Participant and Non-participant (correct)
  • Descriptive and Analytical

    • Which variable is manipulated by the experimenter in an experiment?

  • Random variable
  • Independent variable (correct)
  • Controlled variable
  • Dependent variable

    • In a case study method, what is identified as the main unit of analysis?

  • Statistical data
  • A group
  • An individual (correct)
  • A community

    • What is a primary purpose of psychological tests in research?

    <p>To assess psychological attributes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is generally employed to study opinions and attitudes of individuals?

    <p>Survey method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In psychological research, which of the following responses can be obtained through testing?

    <p>Verbal, written, behavioral, or physiological responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What foundational element is crucial for the development of psychological tests?

    <p>Theoretical framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of research involves the deliberate manipulation of variables?

    <p>Experimental research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the study of behaviour genetics?

    <p>Genetic determinants of behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of consciousness is not part of Freud's hierarchical arrangement?

    <p>Subconscious</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Freud primarily explore the nature of the unconscious?

    <p>Through analysis of dreams and slips of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key aspect did Carl Rogers emphasize in his humanistic approach?

    <p>Conscious experiences and self-actualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the humanistic approach primarily assume about individuals?

    <p>They are active and self-actualizing agents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following aspects is NOT studied by the physiological basis of human behavior?

    <p>Cultural rituals and their effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Freud, what primarily triggers human behaviors?

    <p>Unconscious motivations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The impact of hormonal secretion on behavior is an area of study within which approach?

    <p>Physiological psychology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of conducting an interview?

    <p>To understand personal characteristics such as attitudes and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a structured interview?

    <p>It has pre-framed questions with specific response options</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT typically used for conducting interviews?

    <p>Written questionnaires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skill is essential for an interviewer to effectively conduct an interview?

    <p>Skill in establishing rapport with the interviewee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do unstructured interviews differ from structured interviews?

    <p>Unstructured interviews involve open-ended questions and flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of interview is suitable for understanding an interviewee's personal experiences and feelings?

    <p>Unstructured interview</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the sequence of items in a questionnaire?

    <p>Arranged from general to specific</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about structured interviews?

    <p>They typically have a set of predetermined questions with options</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of command over language in an interview context?

    <p>To simplify difficult questions for deeper probing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the reliability of a test refer to?

    <p>The consistency of scores from the intended representative sample.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does validity in a test measure?

    <p>The extent to which the test measures what it claims to measure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stimuli are used in projective tests?

    <p>Ambiguous, vague, and unstructured stimuli such as pictures and inkblots.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms can the items in a questionnaire take?

    <p>Either open-ended or structured form.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is an interview often characterized in data collection?

    <p>As a dialogue between two persons with a specific objective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a structured interview, how are the questions presented?

    <p>Questions are framed with possible options.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of a qualitative interview?

    <p>It allows the interviewee to respond freely to open-ended questions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT associated with the scientific method?

    <p>Subjective</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the observational method in psychology?

    <p>To describe a phenomenon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method focuses on a detailed exploration of a single individual?

    <p>Case study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In experimental research, what is the variable that is manipulated?

    <p>Independent variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of questions are typically included in a questionnaire?

    <p>A mix of open and closed-ended questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between structured and unstructured interviews?

    <p>Content is predefined in structured interviews</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following approaches is NOT used to understand mental processes?

    <p>Experimental approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method controls for relevant variables during research?

    <p>Experimental method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Psychology Approaches

    • Biological Approach focuses on understanding how the body's biological systems, including the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems, influence various behaviors. By examining the interplay between genetic factors and physiological processes, this approach seeks to explain mental health conditions, emotional responses, and cognitive functions through a scientific framework.hemistry, and brain structure, influence thoughts, emotions, and actions. This perspective emphasizes the interconnectedness of biological systems and behavioral outcomes, making it essential in the fields of psychology and neuroscience for a comprehensive understanding of behavior.
    • Cognitive Approach focuses on mental processes such as memory, perception, and thinking.
    • Humanistic Approach emphasizes individual growth, self-actualization, and the importance of choice in shaping behavior.
    • Psychoanalytic Approach delves into the unconscious mind, emphasizing early childhood experiences and their influence on behavior.
    • Behavioristic Approach focuses on observable behaviors and how they are learned through conditioning and reinforcement.

    Scientific Method

    • Objectivity is crucial for unbiased observations and interpretations.
    • Testability means research questions can be tested through empirical methods.
    • Self-correcting nature allows for revisions and improvements based on new findings.
    • Replicability ensures consistency in observations and findings among different researchers.

    Methods of Psychology

    • Observational method provides insights into behavior in natural or laboratory settings.
      • Participant observation involves the researcher actively participating in the observed group.
      • Non-participant observation involves observing from a distance without interacting.
    • Experimental method investigates the effect of one variable on another.
      • Independent variable is manipulated by the researcher.
      • Dependent variable is measured to observe its response to the independent variable.
    • Case study involves in-depth analysis of an individual's experiences, providing a detailed understanding of their unique situation.
    • Survey method gathers information about a group's opinions, attitudes, beliefs, and values through questionnaires or interviews.
      • Closed ended questions offer predefined choices for respondents.
      • Open-ended questions allow for free-form answers.
    • Interview method involves direct interaction between an interviewer and interviewee.
      • Structured interviews use predefined questions with pre-determined response options.
      • Unstructured interviews allow for flexibility and open-ended questions.

    Psychological Tools

    • Psychological tests measure various psychological attributes, such as intelligence, aptitude, and interest.
      • Reliability indicates the consistency of a test's results.
      • Validity refers to the test accurately measuring what it aims to measure.
    • Projective tests use ambiguous or unstructured stimuli, such as images or incomplete sentences, to reveal personality traits.
    • Questionnaires are sets of questions administered to individuals or groups in written format.
      • Close-ended questions provide limited choices for respondents.
      • Open-ended questions allow for more elaborate answers.
    • Interviews involve direct face-to-face interactions to gain insights into the interviewee's thoughts, feelings, and experiences.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Methods of Psychology PDF

    Description

    Explore the various approaches in psychology, including Biological, Cognitive, Humanistic, Psychoanalytic, and Behavioristic perspectives. This quiz also covers key aspects of the scientific method, such as objectivity, testability, self-correcting nature, and replicability, vital for conducting psychological research.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser