Psychology and Behavior
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Questions and Answers

Which one of the following is a general ethical principle of psychologists?

  • Principle D: Justice
  • Principle A: Beneficence and Nonmaleficence (correct)
  • Principle C: Integrity
  • Principle B: Fidelity and Responsibility
  • Which one of the following is a criterion for participation in research?

  • Informed consent from parent/guardian
  • Assent from potential participant
  • Both 1 and 2 (correct)
  • None of the above
  • What is the accuracy of a measurement referred to as?

  • Reliability
  • Internal Validity
  • Validity (correct)
  • External Validity
  • Which type of variable is manipulated by the experimenter?

    <p>Independent variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sample selection ensures that everyone has an equal chance of participating?

    <p>Simple random sample</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step in the scientific method?

    <p>Formulating a research question</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between qualitative and quantitative research?

    <p>Qualitative research is an inductive process, while quantitative research is deductive.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research method involves observing behavior without manipulation?

    <p>Naturalistic observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Hawthorne effect?

    <p>The tendency of people to act differently when they know they are being observed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a case study?

    <p>A report of a single person, group, or situation that collects a lot of detail.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following best describes a hypothesis?

    <p>An educated guess based on certain data that acts as a foundation for further investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a theory and a hypothesis?

    <p>A theory is a validated explanation of a natural phenomenon, while a hypothesis is an educated guess for further investigation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'post-truth' refer to?

    <p>A situation in which people are more likely to accept an argument based on their emotions and beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does research allow us to do?

    <p>Generate theories, hypotheses, and determine causal relationships based on observation and experimentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the text, what is the purpose of breeding animals with specific traits?

    <p>To make those traits more dominant in their offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

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