Research Methods and Ethics in Psychology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Who is considered the father of American psychiatry?

Wagner-Jauregg

Emil Kraepelin

Dorothea Dix

Benjamin Rush (correct)

What led to new laws and greater government funding for mental health treatment in the United States?

Somatogenic views of mental illness

Emergence of prejudice against mentally ill

Decline of moral treatment

Campaign by Dorothea Dix (correct)

Who argued that physical factors are responsible for mental dysfunction and developed the first modern system for classifying abnormal behavior?

Dorothea Dix

Wagner-Jauregg

Benjamin Rush

Emil Kraepelin (correct)

What is the rationale behind deinstitutionalization in the field of mental health?

To save costs by closing state hospitals Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following professionals specialize in adjustment disorders, such as problems related to jobs, motherhood, and role problems?

Marriage & Family Therapists Signup and view all the answers

Which professionals are responsible for managing liaisons with relatives of patients?

Psychiatrists Signup and view all the answers

Which professionals may see patients who need periodic visits?

Psychiatrists Signup and view all the answers

Which professionals are responsible for insurance, billing, assessments, and intake in mental health settings?

MH Intake Workers Signup and view all the answers

Which physician opened a clinic in Paris where his patients suffered from hysterical disorders?

Franz Mesmer Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, which of the following is NOT one of the 15 common characteristics of eccentrics?

Introversion Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of asylums in the 16th century?

To care for the mentally ill Signup and view all the answers

What was the main belief behind the demonological view of abnormality?

Abnormal behavior is caused by evil spirits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways of defining psychopathology discussed in the text?

Danger Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, which of the following is an example of deviance?

Behaviors, thoughts, and emotions that differ from a society's ideas about proper functioning Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the criteria for a behavior, idea, or emotion to be considered abnormal according to the text?

It must be distressful to the individual Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about dysfunction as a criterion for psychological abnormality?

Dysfunction must interfere with the person's ability to conduct daily activities in a constructive way Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the definition of a prototype conception of diagnosis?

Making typical identifications based on characterizations Signup and view all the answers

What is the DSM-5 conception of 'mental disorder'?

A syndrome characterized by significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion, regulation, or behavior Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the difference between monism and dualism?

Monism is the belief that the mind and the body are inseparable, while dualism is the belief that they are two different things Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between phenotypic and genotypic diagnosis?

Phenotypic diagnosis involves observable traits, while genotypic diagnosis involves cause and laboratory tests Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, how do prototypes arise?

Exposure to real-life situations in which mental health services were involved Signup and view all the answers

According to the text, what is the study concerned with the relations between signs and their referents?

Semantic conceptions of diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

Which healthcare professionals can prescribe medication for depression, reducing the stigma associated with seeing a psychiatrist?

Primary Care Providers (PCPs) Signup and view all the answers

Which paramedical professions in the US are the fastest growing and work for less money compared to MDs?

Physician Assistants (PAs) Signup and view all the answers

Which healthcare professionals work under the supervision of MDs and develop their own patient load within a medical practice?

Physician Assistants (PAs) Signup and view all the answers

Which healthcare professionals can open their own independent practice, treating patients without MD supervision?

Nurse Practitioners (NPs) Signup and view all the answers

Which research method involves observing the same participants over a long period of time to understand the order of events and identify causality?

Longitudinal studies Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of blind designs in experimental studies?

To ensure participants and the experimenter do not know who has received the experimental treatment or placebo Signup and view all the answers

What is placebo therapy?

A sham treatment that participants believe to be genuine Signup and view all the answers

What are some limitations of current research practices in psychology?

Biases in data sharing Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Research Methods and Ethical Considerations in Psychology

Interviews and surveys are used to identify groups at risk for specific disorders.
Longitudinal studies observe the same participants over a long period of time to understand the order of events and identify causality.
Experimental studies involve experimental and control groups, with blind designs ensuring participants do not know which group they are in.
Double blind designs ensure that neither the participant nor the experimenter know who has received the experimental treatment or placebo.
Placebo therapy is a sham treatment that participants believe to be genuine, and experimenter bias can unintentionally influence the results.
Alternative experimental designs include matched designs, naturalistic experiments, and analogue experiments.
Single-subject experiments involve observing a single participant before and after manipulating an independent variable.
ABAB designs and multiple-baseline designs are used to measure reactions under different conditions.
Current research practices have limitations, including the use of WEIRD participants (White, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic), biases, conflicts of interest, and replication issues.
There is a lack of diversity in psychology studies, with a majority of participants being young, educated, and from specific demographics.
Biases in data sharing and publication lead to a higher likelihood of positive studies being published.
Replication studies are important for determining the accuracy and generalizability of findings, but fewer replication studies are being conducted in psychology.

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Description

Test your knowledge on research methods and ethical considerations in psychology with this quiz. Explore topics such as interviews, surveys, experimental designs, placebo therapy, biases in data sharing, and the importance of replication studies. Find out how well you understand the methods used in psychology research and the ethical considerations that researchers must take into account.