Questions and Answers
Harsh punishments such as spanking have become less supported by psychologists for which one of the following reasons?
What have studies of African grey parrots suggested?
PET scans of the frontal lobe provide biological evidence to support which of the following?
Kim's mother, Vicky, believes that men with long hair are likely to be fearful of romantic commitment. Which of the following heuristics most likely influenced Vicky's judgment?
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Kristen and Kyle think that their son likely has chicken pox when a rash appears. Which of the following types of reasoning did they most likely use?
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Keegan chooses systematic desensitization for treating phobias. This technique uses which classical conditioning concept?
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How did Wolfgang Köhler's work with chimpanzees call the law of effect into question?
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If you were tasked to develop a reliable intelligence test, you should verify that:
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Which aspect of the memory process is impeded under motivated forgetting?
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Which of the following will likely cause more blood to flow through the right portion of the hippocampus?
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What is the key to accessing information through explicit memory?
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Which of the following serves as an access bridge between long-term memory and working memory?
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Which step in Bandura's modeling relies on the observer having memories of what they have seen?
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When we use the ease with which we can recall instances of an event to help us estimate the frequency of the event, we are using:
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Study Notes
Punishments and Child Behavior
- Harsh punishments, like spanking, have diminished support due to their ineffectiveness in promoting appropriate behavior.
- They often model aggression, leading children to view violence as a solution to problems.
Language and Parrots
- Research on African grey parrots indicates they use language within a social context, showing communicative abilities beyond mere imitation.
Brain Imaging and Memory Models
- PET scans of the frontal lobe offer biological backing for the levels-of-processing model of memory, illustrating how deeper processing enhances memory retention.
Heuristics in Decision-Making
- Vicky's immediate dislike of her daughter's boyfriend, Connor, is influenced by the affective heuristic, which is based on emotional responses rather than logical assessment.
Reasoning Types
- Kristen and Kyle's conclusion that Ryan likely has chicken pox demonstrates deductive reasoning, where general knowledge aids in specific conclusions.
Phobia Treatment
- Systematic desensitization, a method used for phobia treatment, employs the classical conditioning concept of extinction to reduce fear responses.
Köhler's Research on Problem-Solving
- Wolfgang Köhler's work with chimpanzees challenges the law of effect, as the chimps exhibited insightful problem-solving rather than trial-and-error approaches.
Reliability in Intelligence Testing
- A reliable intelligence test should produce similar scores across multiple test administrations for an individual, indicating consistency in measurement.
Motivated Forgetting and Memory
- The retrieval aspect of memory is hindered by motivated forgetting, complicating the process of recalling information.
Hippocampus and Memory Recall
- Remembering specific past events, like a recent dinner, activates the right part of the hippocampus, highlighting its role in recalling episodic memories.
Explicit Memory Retrieval
- Words serve as the key to accessing information stored in explicit memory, facilitating the recall of facts and experiences.
Memory Bridging
- Probes function as bridges between long-term and working memory, enabling information retrieval and application in cognitive tasks.
Bandura's Modeling Steps
- Retention, the step in Bandura's modeling process, relies on the observer's capability to recall what they have witnessed, affecting their ability to replicate behaviors.
Heuristics and Event Frequency
- The availability heuristic involves estimating the frequency of an event based on how easily instances come to mind, often leading to cognitive biases.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts from Chapters 6 to 8 of Psychology 101. This quiz covers important theories and discussions surrounding punishment and behavioral development. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding before exams.