85 Questions
What is the scientific attitude?
Curiosity, skepticism, and humility
What is critical thinking?
A careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge
Hypothesis is ...?
testable prediction, often implied by a theory
What is correlation?
A measure of how closely two factors vary together
What is the independent variable in an experiment?
The factor that is manipulated
What is the dependent variable in an experiment?
The factor that is measured
What is a confounding variable in an experiment?
A factor that might produce an effect in an experiment
What is hindsight bias?
The tendency to perceive events as more predictable than they really are
What is the purpose of descriptive research?
To provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes
What is the scientific attitude?
Curiosity, skepticism, and humility
What is critical thinking?
A more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition
What is hindsight bias?
The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it
What is judgmental overconfidence?
The tendency to think you know more than you do
What is the scientific method?
The process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas
What is descriptive research?
A systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes
What is correlation?
A measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other
What is the independent variable in an experiment?
The factor that is manipulated
Psychological science is necessary because humans can rely solely on intuition and common sense.
False
Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
True
Overconfidence does not occur in academic and social behavior.
False
The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and arrogance.
False
Critical thinking refers to a less careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
False
The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careless, unorganized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
False
Correlation proves causation.
False
Confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
True
What is the scientific attitude?
Curiosity, skepticism, and humility
What is critical thinking?
A careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge
What is correlation?
A measure of how closely two factors vary together
What is the scientific method?
The process of testing ideas about the world through observation and analysis
What is the difference between the independent variable and the dependent variable?
The independent variable is manipulated, while the dependent variable is measured
What is descriptive research?
A systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes
What are confounding variables?
Factors that might produce an effect in an experiment
What are the limits of intuition and common sense?
Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events
What is the scientific attitude?
Curiosity, skepticism, and humility
What is critical thinking?
A more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than intuition
What is the scientific method?
The process of testing ideas about the world
What is the difference between independent and dependent variables?
The independent variable is manipulated, the dependent variable is measured
What is correlation?
A measure of how closely two factors vary together
What is confounding variable?
Factors that might produce an effect in an experiment
What is hindsight bias?
The tendency to perceive events as more predictable than they really are
What is descriptive research?
A systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of their behaviors, thoughts, and attributes
Psychological science is necessary because intuition and common sense are always accurate.
False
Hindsight bias is an illustration of the limits of intuition and common sense.
True
Overconfidence can lead people to think they know more than they do.
True
The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and arrogance.
False
Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
True
The scientific method involves testing ideas about the world through observation and analysis.
True
Correlation can prove causation.
False
The independent variable is the factor that is measured in an experiment.
False
What are the limitations of intuition and common sense in psychological science?
Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
What is overconfidence and how does it relate to academic and social behavior?
Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
What is the scientific attitude and what are its main components?
The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
What does critical thinking refer to in the context of psychological science?
Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
What is the scientific method and what are its main components?
The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
What is descriptive research and what is its purpose?
Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes.
What is correlation and what can be inferred from it?
Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other. Correlation does not prove causation, but it indicates the possibility of a cause-effect relationship.
What is an experiment and how can it be used in psychological research?
With experiments, researchers can manipulate the factors of interest to determine their effects, hold constant (“controlling”) other factors, and use experimental and control groups. The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
- Psychological science is necessary because humans cannot rely solely on ______ and common sense.
intuition
- Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in ______ and social behavior.
academic
- The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and ______.
humility
- Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using ______.
intuition
- The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ______.
ideas
- Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and ______.
attributes
- Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the ______.
other
- The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an ______.
experiment
Psychological science is unnecessary because humans can rely solely on intuition and common sense.
False
Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
True
Overconfidence leads people to think they know less than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
False
Scientific inquiry cannot help sift reality from illusion.
False
Curiosity, skepticism, and humility are all part of the scientific attitude.
True
Critical thinking involves forming and evaluating knowledge more carefully than simply using intuition.
True
The scientific method involves testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
True
Correlation proves causation.
False
What is a theory?
An integrated set of principles
What is an operational definition?
A carefully worded statement of procedures
What is replication in research?
Repeating a research study with different participants in different situations
A theory is a set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events.
True
An operational definition is a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study.
True
Replication involves repeating a research study with the same participants and circumstances to ensure the basic finding is accurate.
False
Which method of description involves recording behavior in a natural environment?
Naturalistic observations
Which method of description involves asking questions to collect information through a questionnaire?
Surveys and interviews
Which method of description involves in-depth study of a single individual, organization, or country?
Case studies
Case studies provide generalizable results
False
Surveys and interviews are useful for collecting information on current issues like covid19
True
Naturalistic observations explain behavior
False
Study Notes
Overview of Psychological Science
- Psychological science is necessary because humans cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
- Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
- Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
- Scientific inquiry can help sift reality from illusion.
- The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
- Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
- The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
- Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes.
- Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other.
- Correlation does not prove causation, but it indicates the possibility of a cause-effect relationship.
- With experiments, researchers can manipulate the factors of interest to determine their effects, hold constant (“controlling”) other factors, and use experimental and control groups.
- The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
Overview of Psychological Science
- Psychological science is necessary because humans cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
- Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
- Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
- Scientific inquiry can help sift reality from illusion.
- The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
- Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
- The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
- Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes.
- Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other.
- Correlation does not prove causation, but it indicates the possibility of a cause-effect relationship.
- With experiments, researchers can manipulate the factors of interest to determine their effects, hold constant (“controlling”) other factors, and use experimental and control groups.
- The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
Overview of Psychological Science
- Psychological science is necessary because humans cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
- Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
- Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
- Scientific inquiry can help sift reality from illusion.
- The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
- Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
- The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
- Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes.
- Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other.
- Correlation does not prove causation, but it indicates the possibility of a cause-effect relationship.
- With experiments, researchers can manipulate the factors of interest to determine their effects, hold constant (“controlling”) other factors, and use experimental and control groups.
- The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
Overview of Psychological Science
- Psychological science is necessary because humans cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
- Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
- Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
- Scientific inquiry can help sift reality from illusion.
- The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
- Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
- The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
- Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes.
- Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other.
- Correlation does not prove causation, but it indicates the possibility of a cause-effect relationship.
- With experiments, researchers can manipulate the factors of interest to determine their effects, hold constant (“controlling”) other factors, and use experimental and control groups.
- The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
Overview of Psychological Science
- Psychological science is necessary because humans cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
- Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
- Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
- Scientific inquiry can help sift reality from illusion.
- The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
- Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
- The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
- Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes.
- Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other.
- Correlation does not prove causation, but it indicates the possibility of a cause-effect relationship.
- With experiments, researchers can manipulate the factors of interest to determine their effects, hold constant (“controlling”) other factors, and use experimental and control groups.
- The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
Overview of Psychological Science
- Psychological science is necessary because humans cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
- Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
- Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
- Scientific inquiry can help sift reality from illusion.
- The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
- Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
- The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
- Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes.
- Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other.
- Correlation does not prove causation, but it indicates the possibility of a cause-effect relationship.
- With experiments, researchers can manipulate the factors of interest to determine their effects, hold constant (“controlling”) other factors, and use experimental and control groups.
- The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
Overview of Psychological Science
- Psychological science is necessary because humans cannot rely solely on intuition and common sense.
- Hindsight bias, judgmental overconfidence, and the tendency to perceive patterns in random events illustrate the limits of intuition and common sense.
- Overconfidence leads people to think they know more than they do, which occurs in academic and social behavior.
- Scientific inquiry can help sift reality from illusion.
- The scientific attitude includes curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
- Critical thinking refers to a more careful style of forming and evaluating knowledge than simply using intuition.
- The scientific method is the process of testing ideas about the world by setting up situations that test our ideas, making careful, organized observations, and analyzing whether the data fit with our ideas.
- Descriptive research is a systematic, objective observation of people to provide a clear, accurate picture of people’s behaviors, thoughts, and attributes.
- Correlation is a measure of how closely two factors vary together, or how well you can predict a change in one from observing a change in the other.
- Correlation does not prove causation, but it indicates the possibility of a cause-effect relationship.
- With experiments, researchers can manipulate the factors of interest to determine their effects, hold constant (“controlling”) other factors, and use experimental and control groups.
- The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated, the dependent variable is the factor that is measured, and confounding variables are factors that might produce an effect in an experiment.
Test your knowledge on the basics of psychological science with this overview quiz! Explore the limitations of intuition and common sense, the scientific attitude, critical thinking, and the scientific method. Learn about descriptive research, correlation, and experiments. Challenge yourself with questions on independent and dependent variables, confounding variables, and causation. This quiz is perfect for anyone looking to brush up on their understanding of psychological science.
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