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Questions and Answers
According to the humanistic perspective, what does the self mainly concern itself with?
According to the humanistic perspective, what does the self mainly concern itself with?
- Attaining self-actualization and transcendence
- Satisfying basic biological needs (correct)
- Achieving cognitive and aesthetic needs
- Seeking out safety and security needs
In Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need should be satisfied first according to some psychologists?
In Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which need should be satisfied first according to some psychologists?
- Belongingness and love
- Basic biological/physical/physiological needs (correct)
- Safety and security
- Self-actualization
According to William James, how can life be altered?
According to William James, how can life be altered?
- By conforming to others' expectations
- By altering the state of the mind (correct)
- By following societal norms
- By changing external circumstances
What does the humanistic perspective emphasize as a person's capacity?
What does the humanistic perspective emphasize as a person's capacity?
What is the term used to describe the acceptance and positive valuation directed at another person regardless of their behavior, according to Carl Rogers?
What is the term used to describe the acceptance and positive valuation directed at another person regardless of their behavior, according to Carl Rogers?
According to Carl Rogers, which term refers to an individual's view of themselves as they wish to be?
According to Carl Rogers, which term refers to an individual's view of themselves as they wish to be?
What does Carl Rogers describe as the 'I' or 'Me' of our existence?
What does Carl Rogers describe as the 'I' or 'Me' of our existence?
In the context of Carl Rogers' theory, which term refers to being open with our feelings and dropping pretenses and facades?
In the context of Carl Rogers' theory, which term refers to being open with our feelings and dropping pretenses and facades?
What happens when an individual's self-concept and ideal self do not match?
What happens when an individual's self-concept and ideal self do not match?
What does Carl Rogers define as the whole consisting of one’s self-perceptions and the values attached to these perceptions?
What does Carl Rogers define as the whole consisting of one’s self-perceptions and the values attached to these perceptions?
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Study Notes
Humanistic Perspective
- The self mainly concerns itself with personal growth, self-actualization, and finding meaning in life.
Hierarchy of Needs
- According to some psychologists, physiological needs (basic needs such as food, water, shelter) should be satisfied first in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
William James
- Life can be altered through conscious effort and intentional attitude.
Humanistic Emphasis
- The humanistic perspective emphasizes a person's capacity for self-awareness, free will, and personal growth.
Carl Rogers' Concepts
- Unconditional Positive Regard refers to the acceptance and positive valuation directed at another person regardless of their behavior.
- Ideal Self refers to an individual's view of themselves as they wish to be.
Self-Concept and Ideal Self
- According to Carl Rogers, the 'I' or 'Me' of our existence refers to our self-concept, which is the whole consisting of one’s self-perceptions and the values attached to these perceptions.
- Congruence refers to being open with our feelings and dropping pretenses and facades.
- When an individual's self-concept and ideal self do not match, it leads to incongruence, which can cause emotional distress.
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