Psychological Disorders Chapter 14 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the most likely reason that someone would perform an exorcism?

To relieve fluid pressure on the brain

To look into the brain to see what was wrong

To release evil spirits (correct)

To restore balance to the body's humors

By what definition might the behavior of cannibalism by the rugby team be best classified?

Statistical

Subjective discomfort

Situational context (correct)

Maladaptive

Which of the following is an example of cultural relativity?

Dr. Roland uses a behavioral approach to treat all his clients who are younger than age 10.

While Dr. Howard believes that hypnosis is the best way to understand all disorders, his approach is not shared by his colleagues.

Dr. Han believes that the voices his patient is hearing stem from a biological instead of a psychological cause.

While Dr. Gambon knows that his patient, Aki, believes her anxiety has a biological explanation, in learning more about her family of origin, he suspects it has a psychological cause. (correct)

How many axes does the DSM-5 use to aid mental health professionals in making a diagnosis?

One Signup and view all the answers

Which type of depression is the most common type of mood disorder?

Major depressive disorder Signup and view all the answers

Behavioral theorists link depression to , whereas social cognitive theorists point to .

Learned helplessness, distortions in thinking Signup and view all the answers

Trypanophobia, also known as a fear of receiving an injection, is an example of __________.

Specific phobia Signup and view all the answers

Sienna hates to go to restaurants for fear that she will be seated in the far back of the restaurant and be unable to get out in case of an emergency. This may be a symptom of __________.

Agoraphobia Signup and view all the answers

Ria experienced a sudden attack of intense fear when she was boarding a plane. Subsequently she did not go on her trip. Ria experienced __________.

A panic attack Signup and view all the answers

What should Dr. Kirby do during the 2-month follow-up with Loren, who was diagnosed with acute stress disorder?

Dr. Kirby will revise Loren's diagnosis from ASD to posttraumatic stress disorder. Signup and view all the answers

Survivors of natural disasters may experience higher incidences of __________.

Posttraumatic stress disorder Signup and view all the answers

How might a cognitive-behavioral psychologist classify Calvin's distorted thought process about his job interview?

All-or-nothing thinking Signup and view all the answers

Dissociative amnesia is different from retrograde amnesia because __________.

Dissociative amnesia is typically psychological in origin Signup and view all the answers

Individuals with bulimia often rationalize their excessive eating as a result of a single treat. This irrational thinking is an example of __________.

All-or-nothing thinking Signup and view all the answers

Binge-eating disorder is different from bulimia in that individuals with binge-eating disorder __________.

Do not typically purge the food they eat Signup and view all the answers

Sexual dysfunctions and problems can be caused by __________.

Organic, psychological, and sociocultural factors Signup and view all the answers

What personality disorder best describes Kristi's thinking and behavior?

Paranoid personality disorder Signup and view all the answers

On your first call as a paramedic, you enter the house of a man who has covered his walls and ceiling in aluminum foil. This is an example of a(n) __________ delusion.

Persecution Signup and view all the answers

Rodney has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Psychologists refer to his inability to show emotion as __________.

Flat affect Signup and view all the answers

Dysfunction in what neurotransmitter system was first believed to be the cause of schizophrenia?

Dopamine Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Exorcism and Psychological Behavior

Exorcism is primarily performed to release evil spirits.
Situational context is key in understanding behaviors, illustrated by cannibalism for survival in extreme conditions.

Cultural Relativity and Diagnosis

Cultural relativity involves understanding a patient's beliefs and background, as seen in Dr. Gambon’s approach with Aki.
The DSM-5 utilizes a single axis for mental health diagnosis.

Mood Disorders

Major depressive disorder is the most prevalent mood disorder.
Behavioral theorists attribute depression to learned helplessness, while social cognitive theorists emphasize distortions in thinking.

Phobias and Anxiety Disorders

Trypanophobia is classified as a specific phobia, a fear of injections.
Agoraphobia can manifest as a fear of being trapped in situations without escape, as seen in Sienna's restaurant anxiety.
Panic attacks involve sudden, intense fear, exemplified by Ria’s experience before flying.

Stress and Trauma Responses

Acute stress disorder (ASD) can evolve into posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) if symptoms persist, as in Loren’s case.
Survivors of natural disasters are at increased risk for PTSD.

Cognitive Distortions

Calvin's thought process reflects all-or-nothing thinking, which leads to distorted perceptions of failure.
Dissociative amnesia is psychological in origin, while retrograde amnesia involves physical trauma.

Eating Disorders

Individuals with bulimia exhibit all-or-nothing thinking regarding diet and excessive eating.
Binge-eating disorder differs from bulimia in that it does not involve purging.

Sexual Dysfunctions

Sexual dysfunctions can arise from a combination of organic, psychological, and sociocultural factors.

Personality and Psychotic Disorders

Kristi's behavior aligns with paranoid personality disorder, characterized by pervasive distrust.
The man covering his home in aluminum foil exhibits persecution delusions, a common symptom in schizophrenia.
Schizophrenia is associated with flat affect, where individuals show minimal emotional expression.
Dysfunction in dopamine neurotransmission was initially believed to cause schizophrenia.

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Test your knowledge on psychological disorders with this Chapter 14 quiz. This quiz will challenge you on various concepts and historical cases related to psychological abnormalities and treatments. Engage with flashcards to deepen your understanding and recall of key topics.