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Questions and Answers
What is a characteristic of Major Depressive Disorder?
What is a characteristic of Major Depressive Disorder?
- Short-term symptoms
- Increased mortality in general
- No history of manic behavior (correct)
- History of manic behavior
What is a common feature of Bipolar Disorder?
What is a common feature of Bipolar Disorder?
- Mood swings from depression to euphoria (correct)
- Long-term symptoms only
- Loss of interest in usual activities
- No periods of normal mood
Which communication technique is used in the nurse-client relationship for Bipolar Disorder?
Which communication technique is used in the nurse-client relationship for Bipolar Disorder?
- Confrontation
- Humor (correct)
- Avoidance
- Sympathy
Who determines the length of stay for a patient being held involuntarily?
Who determines the length of stay for a patient being held involuntarily?
Under what circumstances can a patient be held involuntarily?
Under what circumstances can a patient be held involuntarily?
What class of medication is associated with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)?
What class of medication is associated with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)?
What is a primary concern for clients experiencing a panic attack?
What is a primary concern for clients experiencing a panic attack?
What disorders are treated with antipsychotic medication?
What disorders are treated with antipsychotic medication?
What is a common consequence of Bipolar Disorder?
What is a common consequence of Bipolar Disorder?
What is a common symptom associated with panic disorder?
What is a common symptom associated with panic disorder?
What is a characteristic of anxiety?
What is a characteristic of anxiety?
What is a potential risk associated with using Clonazepam to treat panic disorder?
What is a potential risk associated with using Clonazepam to treat panic disorder?
What is an appropriate nursing response to a client experiencing a panic attack?
What is an appropriate nursing response to a client experiencing a panic attack?
What is a key indicator that a client may need psychiatric help for their anxiety?
What is a key indicator that a client may need psychiatric help for their anxiety?
What is the primary goal of nursing intervention for a client experiencing a panic attack?
What is the primary goal of nursing intervention for a client experiencing a panic attack?
What is a characteristic of Clonazepam?
What is a characteristic of Clonazepam?
What percent of clients have a family history of alcohol abuse?
What percent of clients have a family history of alcohol abuse?
Which of the following is a positive symptom of a mental disorder?
Which of the following is a positive symptom of a mental disorder?
What is the term for creating situations to avoid dealing with the reality of another situation?
What is the term for creating situations to avoid dealing with the reality of another situation?
A client has a history of excessive fear of snakes. What is the term that a nurse should use to describe this specific phobia?
A client has a history of excessive fear of snakes. What is the term that a nurse should use to describe this specific phobia?
How would a nurse differentiate a client diagnosed with a social phobia from a client diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder?
How would a nurse differentiate a client diagnosed with a social phobia from a client diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder?
How would a nurse differentiate a client diagnosed with panic disorder from a client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder?
How would a nurse differentiate a client diagnosed with panic disorder from a client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder?
What is the most appropriate treatment for clients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder?
What is the most appropriate treatment for clients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder?
A client refused to go on a cruise to the Bahamas with his spouse because of fearing that the cruise ship will sink, and all will drown. What is the term that a nurse should use to describe this specific phobia?
A client refused to go on a cruise to the Bahamas with his spouse because of fearing that the cruise ship will sink, and all will drown. What is the term that a nurse should use to describe this specific phobia?
When a client experiences delusional thinking, what should the nurse focus on?
When a client experiences delusional thinking, what should the nurse focus on?
A client with delusional thinking is fixed on their beliefs. What is the reason for this?
A client with delusional thinking is fixed on their beliefs. What is the reason for this?
A client with auditory hallucinations states, 'I hear voices that tell me that I am evil.' What is a realistic outcome for this client by discharge?
A client with auditory hallucinations states, 'I hear voices that tell me that I am evil.' What is a realistic outcome for this client by discharge?
A client who has taken thioridazine (Mellaril) for 2 years with good symptom control is readmitted with paranoid delusions and hallucinations. What is a potential cause for the return of these symptoms?
A client who has taken thioridazine (Mellaril) for 2 years with good symptom control is readmitted with paranoid delusions and hallucinations. What is a potential cause for the return of these symptoms?
What is the primary goal of the nurse when working with a client with delusional thinking?
What is the primary goal of the nurse when working with a client with delusional thinking?
Why is it important for the nurse to focus on the client's feelings rather than their delusional thinking?
Why is it important for the nurse to focus on the client's feelings rather than their delusional thinking?
What is the significance of a client recognizing the events that increase their anxiety and trigger hallucinations?
What is the significance of a client recognizing the events that increase their anxiety and trigger hallucinations?
Why is it unrealistic to expect a client to completely stop hearing voices?
Why is it unrealistic to expect a client to completely stop hearing voices?
What is a key indication of psychological addiction to a substance?
What is a key indication of psychological addiction to a substance?
What is the primary goal of substitution therapy in treating alcohol withdrawal?
What is the primary goal of substitution therapy in treating alcohol withdrawal?
What is the philosophy of AA in treating alcohol addiction?
What is the philosophy of AA in treating alcohol addiction?
What should be the nurse's first priority when assessing a client with a history of heavy alcohol use who has not drunk in 48 hours?
What should be the nurse's first priority when assessing a client with a history of heavy alcohol use who has not drunk in 48 hours?
What is the primary focus of discharge teaching for a client with chronic alcohol addiction?
What is the primary focus of discharge teaching for a client with chronic alcohol addiction?
What is the purpose of substitution therapy in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal?
What is the purpose of substitution therapy in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal?
What is a characteristic of psychological addiction to a substance?
What is a characteristic of psychological addiction to a substance?
What is the role of AA in the treatment of alcohol addiction?
What is the role of AA in the treatment of alcohol addiction?
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Study Notes
Mental Health Theory & Application
Major Depressive Disorder
- Symptoms: loss of interest and pleasure in usual activities, no history of manic behavior, no underlying medical condition, long-term
- Part of every mental health disorder
Bipolar Disorder
- Associated with increased mortality, particularly with death by suicide
- Mood swings from profound depression to extreme euphoria (mania) with intervening periods of normalcy
- Nurse client relationship: utilizing communication techniques such as humor, bargaining, honest feedback, and distraction
- Therapeutic communication is key
- Interdisciplinary team determines length of stay for involuntary hospitalization
- Patient can be held involuntarily if they are a harm to themselves or others, or unable to take care of basic personal needs
- Antipsychotic medications are associated with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)
Key Terms
- Malingering: creating situations to avoid dealing with the reality of another situation
- Positive & Negative Symptoms:
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Erotomania
- Echopraxia
- Alogia
- Paranoia
- Neologism
- Echolalia
Anxiety Disorders
- Specific Phobias:
- Aquaphobia: excessive fear of water, classified as a natural environment type of phobia
- Social Phobia: avoiding interactions only in social settings
- Panic Disorder:
- Depersonalization is commonly seen in panic disorder and absent in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
- Treatment: long-term use of buspirone (BuSpar)
- Clonazepam (Klonopin) is particularly effective in treatment, but can be abused and lead to physical dependence and tolerance
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder:
- Anxiety is considered abnormal when it is out of proportion to the stimulus causing it and when it impairs functioning
Psychotic Disorders
- Hallucinations:
- Auditory hallucinations: client will identify events that increase anxiety and illicit hallucinations
- Delusions:
- Fixed, irrational beliefs that clients will continue to have despite obvious proof that the belief is false or irrational
- Focus on feelings suggested by the delusion rather than attempting to change the client's delusional thinking
Substance Abuse
- Substitution therapy: administration of a central nervous system depressant during substance-induced disorder of alcohol withdrawal
- AA (Alcoholics Anonymous):
- Major self-help organization for the treatment of alcohol addiction
- Promotes total abstinence as the only cure
- Client outcome: attending 90 AA meetings in 90 days
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