Mental Health Disorders: MDD & Bipolar Disorder
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of Major Depressive Disorder?

  • Short-term symptoms
  • Increased mortality in general
  • No history of manic behavior (correct)
  • History of manic behavior

    • What is a common feature of Bipolar Disorder?

  • Mood swings from depression to euphoria (correct)
  • Long-term symptoms only
  • Loss of interest in usual activities
  • No periods of normal mood

    • Which communication technique is used in the nurse-client relationship for Bipolar Disorder?

  • Confrontation
  • Humor (correct)
  • Avoidance
  • Sympathy

    • Who determines the length of stay for a patient being held involuntarily?

    <p>Interdisciplinary team</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances can a patient be held involuntarily?

    <p>Patient is unable to take care of basic personal needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What class of medication is associated with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)?

    <p>Antipsychotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern for clients experiencing a panic attack?

    <p>Fear of dying</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disorders are treated with antipsychotic medication?

    <p>Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of Bipolar Disorder?

    <p>Increased mortality in general, particularly with death by suicide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom associated with panic disorder?

    <p>Depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of anxiety?

    <p>An out of proportion response to a stimulus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with using Clonazepam to treat panic disorder?

    <p>Physical dependence and tolerance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an appropriate nursing response to a client experiencing a panic attack?

    <p>Provide empathy and reassurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key indicator that a client may need psychiatric help for their anxiety?

    <p>The client's anxiety is impairing their functioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of nursing intervention for a client experiencing a panic attack?

    <p>To meet the client's immediate need</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of Clonazepam?

    <p>It is a type of benzodiazepine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percent of clients have a family history of alcohol abuse?

    <p>40-60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a positive symptom of a mental disorder?

    <p>Delusions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for creating situations to avoid dealing with the reality of another situation?

    <p>Malingering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A client has a history of excessive fear of snakes. What is the term that a nurse should use to describe this specific phobia?

    <p>Ophidiophobia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would a nurse differentiate a client diagnosed with a social phobia from a client diagnosed with schizoid personality disorder?

    <p>Clients with social phobia avoid interacting only in social settings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How would a nurse differentiate a client diagnosed with panic disorder from a client diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder?

    <p>Depersonalization is commonly seen in panic disorder and absent in GAD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate treatment for clients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder?

    <p>Long-term treatments with buspirone (BuSpar)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A client refused to go on a cruise to the Bahamas with his spouse because of fearing that the cruise ship will sink, and all will drown. What is the term that a nurse should use to describe this specific phobia?

    <p>Thalassophobia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When a client experiences delusional thinking, what should the nurse focus on?

    <p>The client's feelings and emotions associated with the delusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A client with delusional thinking is fixed on their beliefs. What is the reason for this?

    <p>The client's delusional thinking is usually fixed and not changed by evidence or logical explanations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A client with auditory hallucinations states, 'I hear voices that tell me that I am evil.' What is a realistic outcome for this client by discharge?

    <p>The client will identify events that increase anxiety and trigger hallucinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A client who has taken thioridazine (Mellaril) for 2 years with good symptom control is readmitted with paranoid delusions and hallucinations. What is a potential cause for the return of these symptoms?

    <p>The client has not taken the medication as prescribed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the nurse when working with a client with delusional thinking?

    <p>To help the client identify and manage their feelings associated with the delusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important for the nurse to focus on the client's feelings rather than their delusional thinking?

    <p>Because the client's feelings are more amenable to change than their delusional thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a client recognizing the events that increase their anxiety and trigger hallucinations?

    <p>It means the client can anticipate symptoms and initiate appropriate coping skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it unrealistic to expect a client to completely stop hearing voices?

    <p>Because even when compliant with antipsychotic medications, clients may still hear voices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key indication of psychological addiction to a substance?

    <p>The client has an overwhelming desire to use a drug to produce pleasure or avoid discomfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of substitution therapy in treating alcohol withdrawal?

    <p>To reduce the intensity of withdrawal symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the philosophy of AA in treating alcohol addiction?

    <p>Promotion of total abstinence as the only cure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be the nurse's first priority when assessing a client with a history of heavy alcohol use who has not drunk in 48 hours?

    <p>Monitoring for signs of withdrawal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of discharge teaching for a client with chronic alcohol addiction?

    <p>Attendance at AA meetings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of substitution therapy in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal?

    <p>To decrease the intensity of withdrawal symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of psychological addiction to a substance?

    <p>An overwhelming desire to use a drug to produce pleasure or avoid discomfort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of AA in the treatment of alcohol addiction?

    <p>A self-help organization that promotes total abstinence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mental Health Theory & Application

    Major Depressive Disorder

    • Symptoms: loss of interest and pleasure in usual activities, no history of manic behavior, no underlying medical condition, long-term
    • Part of every mental health disorder

    Bipolar Disorder

    • Associated with increased mortality, particularly with death by suicide
    • Mood swings from profound depression to extreme euphoria (mania) with intervening periods of normalcy
    • Nurse client relationship: utilizing communication techniques such as humor, bargaining, honest feedback, and distraction
    • Therapeutic communication is key
    • Interdisciplinary team determines length of stay for involuntary hospitalization
    • Patient can be held involuntarily if they are a harm to themselves or others, or unable to take care of basic personal needs
    • Antipsychotic medications are associated with Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS)

    Key Terms

    • Malingering: creating situations to avoid dealing with the reality of another situation
    • Positive & Negative Symptoms:
      • Hallucinations
      • Delusions
      • Erotomania
      • Echopraxia
      • Alogia
      • Paranoia
      • Neologism
      • Echolalia

    Anxiety Disorders

    • Specific Phobias:
      • Aquaphobia: excessive fear of water, classified as a natural environment type of phobia
    • Social Phobia: avoiding interactions only in social settings
    • Panic Disorder:
      • Depersonalization is commonly seen in panic disorder and absent in Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
      • Treatment: long-term use of buspirone (BuSpar)
      • Clonazepam (Klonopin) is particularly effective in treatment, but can be abused and lead to physical dependence and tolerance
    • Generalized Anxiety Disorder:
      • Anxiety is considered abnormal when it is out of proportion to the stimulus causing it and when it impairs functioning

    Psychotic Disorders

    • Hallucinations:
      • Auditory hallucinations: client will identify events that increase anxiety and illicit hallucinations
    • Delusions:
      • Fixed, irrational beliefs that clients will continue to have despite obvious proof that the belief is false or irrational
      • Focus on feelings suggested by the delusion rather than attempting to change the client's delusional thinking

    Substance Abuse

    • Substitution therapy: administration of a central nervous system depressant during substance-induced disorder of alcohol withdrawal
    • AA (Alcoholics Anonymous):
      • Major self-help organization for the treatment of alcohol addiction
      • Promotes total abstinence as the only cure
      • Client outcome: attending 90 AA meetings in 90 days

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    Related Documents

    Mental Health Exam 3 PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the symptoms, characteristics, and risks associated with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and Bipolar Disorder. It also explores the nurse-client relationship in these contexts.

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