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Questions and Answers
Which GAF score indicates excellent functioning?
Which GAF score indicates excellent functioning?
The DSM-IV offers an explanation for psychological disorders.
The DSM-IV offers an explanation for psychological disorders.
False
What are the three primary types of anxiety disorders?
What are the three primary types of anxiety disorders?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Phobias, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
The GAF scale ranges from 10 to ____.
The GAF scale ranges from 10 to ____.
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Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:
Match the following terms with their correct descriptions:
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What is a limitation of the DSM-IV related to social attitudes?
What is a limitation of the DSM-IV related to social attitudes?
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The higher the GAF score, the worse the individual’s prognosis.
The higher the GAF score, the worse the individual’s prognosis.
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In anxiety, what does generalized feelings of fear or apprehension refer to?
In anxiety, what does generalized feelings of fear or apprehension refer to?
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What are common symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
What are common symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
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A deficiency of the neurotransmitter GABA is linked to generalized anxiety disorder.
A deficiency of the neurotransmitter GABA is linked to generalized anxiety disorder.
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What psychological factor suggests that anxiety can occur when the Id is unable to express its unacceptable feelings?
What psychological factor suggests that anxiety can occur when the Id is unable to express its unacceptable feelings?
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______ are intense or irrational fears of objects or situations that may present little danger.
______ are intense or irrational fears of objects or situations that may present little danger.
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Match the symptoms to their appropriate anxiety disorders:
Match the symptoms to their appropriate anxiety disorders:
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Which of the following is NOT one of the recognized types of phobic disorders?
Which of the following is NOT one of the recognized types of phobic disorders?
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General symptoms of phobias include the ability to rationally explain the fear.
General symptoms of phobias include the ability to rationally explain the fear.
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What factor may contribute to low self-esteem and self-criticism associated with anxiety disorders?
What factor may contribute to low self-esteem and self-criticism associated with anxiety disorders?
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What role does serotonin play in anxiety?
What role does serotonin play in anxiety?
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An overactive amygdala is associated with a reduced fear response.
An overactive amygdala is associated with a reduced fear response.
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What is the behavioral perspective's explanation for phobic disorders?
What is the behavioral perspective's explanation for phobic disorders?
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A specific phobia is characterized by an intense fear of a specific ______.
A specific phobia is characterized by an intense fear of a specific ______.
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Match the phobia type with its description:
Match the phobia type with its description:
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Which of the following is a symptom of specific phobia?
Which of the following is a symptom of specific phobia?
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Exposure to a feared stimulus will often cause minimal anxiety in individuals with specific phobias.
Exposure to a feared stimulus will often cause minimal anxiety in individuals with specific phobias.
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What psychological approach views phobias as defense mechanisms against repressed id impulses?
What psychological approach views phobias as defense mechanisms against repressed id impulses?
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Study Notes
Psychological Disorders and Psychotherapy
- Abnormal behavior is defined by deviance, distress, dysfunction, and danger, from societal and cultural norms
- Normal behavior deviates from maladaptive behaviors
- Classification of disorders is necessary for diagnosis and treatment
- Psychological, behavioral, and developmental disorders, such as anxiety, mood and personality disorders, are characterized by specific symptoms and causes
- Schizophrenia has positive and negative symptoms, with different types (disorganized, catatonic, paranoid)
- Psychotherapy includes psychoanalysis, client-centered, behavioral, and social rehabilitation methods
Social Thought and Social Behaviour
- Social perception involves understanding the reasons for others' behavior and is based on attribution theories
- Biases in judgment formation include self-serving bias, false-consensus effect, automatic vigilance, and counterfactual thinking
- Social influence examines how people change others' behaviors, and encompasses factors like social norms, conformity, and obedience
- Group characteristics include formal/informal and primary/secondary groups, as well as in-group/out-group dynamics
Attitudes
- Attitudes are formed and changed through persuasion and cognitive dissonance
- Attitudes are composed of affective, behavioral, and cognitive components
- Attitudes are influenced by persuasion and cognitive dissonance
Major Psychological Disorders
- Anxiety disorders include generalized anxiety disorder, phobias, and obsessive-compulsive disorder
- Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by persistent anxiety without a known cause
- Phobias are characterized by extreme fear of specific objects or situations that produce anxiety, distress and avoidance
- Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves recurring unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and compulsive behaviors
- The causes of anxiety disorders include biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors
- Mood disorders include unipolar depression and bipolar disorder
- Unipolar depression is characterized by persistent sadness, loss of interest, and other symptoms
- Bipolar disorder is characterized by mood swings between manic and depressive phases
- Personality disorders feature inflexible and extreme personality traits that deviate from social norms
- These disorders include antisocial, avoidant, and dependent personality disorders
- Each personality disorder has distinct symptoms
Behavioral, Neurodevelopmental, and Anxiety Disorders in Childhood
- Several types of disorders start in childhood and include disruptions in behavior, language, learning, and other areas
- ADHD (attention deficit hyperactive disorder) and autism spectrum disorder are two examples
- Separation anxiety disorder in childhood involves extreme fear of separation from caregivers
Classification of Mental Disorders
- Mental disorders are categorized and classified by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) devised by the American Psychiatric Association (APA)
Psychotherapy
- Psychoanalysis, developed by Freud, emphasizes the role of unconscious conflicts in shaping behavior
- Client-centered therapy focuses on the client's perspective, unconditional positive regard, and acceptance
- Behavioral therapies utilize learned principles of operant and classical conditioning to modify behavior
Rehabilitation
- Rehabilitation in psychopathology aims at reintegrating individuals into society and improving their overall functioning
- Interventions include therapy, education, vocational training, and social support systems
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Description
This quiz explores the key concepts of psychological disorders and psychotherapy, including definitions, classifications, and types of disorders such as anxiety and schizophrenia. It also covers essential methods of psychotherapy, including techniques like psychoanalysis and client-centered therapy. Test your understanding of how abnormal behavior is assessed and treated in psychological practice.
