Psychological Disorders and Abnormality

The presence of abnormality is determined by statistical infrequency, deviation from social norms, failure to function adequately, and deviation from ______ mental health.

When human characteristics are translated into numbers and plotted on a graph, they seem to fall within a ______ distribution.

______ looks at abnormality as anything that is different from the average.

The word 'norm' refers to something that is standard, usual, or ______ of a group.

Deviation from ______ is a factor that considers abnormality as any behaviour that does not conform to social norms.

A characteristic is considered abnormal from a statistical infrequency perspective if it's ______ among human beings.

Unlike other definitions of abnormality, statistical infrequency does not consider whether something is good or bad, but rather focuses on how ______ it is.

Deviations from social norms define abnormality based on whether behaviors conform to societal ______, which can change over time.

[Blank] seeks to identify the organic components of mental disorders without insisting on an exclusively biological cause.

[Blank] theories trace abnormal behavior to a person's interaction with their environment, considering factors beyond just biology.

The ______ approach assumes that biological, socio-cultural, and psychological factors combine and interact to produce psychological disorders.

The psychodynamic theory emphasizes unconscious conflicts, often originating in ______.

A ______ approach examines the influence of social forces on behavior and diagnoses, highlighting the impact of societal factors.

The biopsychosocial approach integrates biological, ______, and psychological factors to understand the multifaceted origins of psychological disorders.

Diagnoses create a ______ shorthand for referring to a list of associated symptoms facilitating communication among professionals.

Diagnoses allow us to statistically study many similar cases, learning to predict ______ and improve treatment strategies.

Up until the 1990s, the classification of homosexuality was considered ______ and labeled as a disorder.

When an individual can't maintain daily life without distress, it is known as failure to function ______.

Deviation from ideal mental health uses specific ______ to identify the presence of mental sickness.

According to Jahoda (1958), individuals with good mental health are able to be ______ and live independently.

A person's capacity to handle challenging situations and incorporate them into their psyche is considered an indicator of ideal mental ______.

Having a realistic perception of their ______ is an indicator of good mental health.

Globally, it was estimated that over 1.1 billion people had a mental or ______ abuse disorder in 2016.

Despite cultural differences, no known society is free of depression and ______.

According to Jahoda, possessing a strong ______ and a defined sense of self is indicative of sound mental well-being.

According to Jahoda (1958)'s indicators an individual must be able to grow ______ and reach their potential.

Diagnostic manuals face criticism because they sometimes blur the lines between what's considered '______' and what's labeled as 'disordered'.

Relying on a recipe-like list of symptoms and diagnostic labels can influence how we perceive the world and human ______.

Changes in diagnostic labels may cause individuals to lose access to treatment or ______.

Examples of anxiety disorders include OCD and ______.

Besides anxiety and mood disorders, ______ disorders are also a major type of psychological condition.

Historically, treatments for psychological disorders included practices such as exorcism, being caged like animals, and even ______ with animal's blood.

Philippe Pinel advocated for a more humane approach to treating the mentally ill, insisting that madness was an ailment of the ______, not demonic possession.

Pinel's 'treatment' primarily focused on improving the patient's ______ and replacing harsh punishments with more compassionate care, such as patient dances.

The discovery that syphilis could lead to mental disorders prompted physicians to adopt a ______ model in reviewing the physical causes of these disorders.

The medical model views abnormal behavior as a disease, also known as ______, needing diagnosis based on symptoms and treatment through therapy.

According to the medical model, the process of diagnosing abnormal behavior involves predicting its future development, which is referred to as the ______.

Prior to the scientific understanding of mental disorders, practices such as being burned and ______ were mistakenly used as treatments.

The shift toward humane treatment initiated by figures like Philippe Pinel was a move from the previously accepted practice of ______ the mentally ill.

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) is published by the ______ .

The DSM includes descriptions of symptoms typically associated with psychological disorders, along with information about possible ______ and prognoses.

Mental health ______ and insurance providers use the DSM to plan and fund therapeutic interventions for mental disorders.

Experts in mental health continually study and research the area, aiming to better capture the nature and ______ of each disorder between editions of the DSM.

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is published by the ______.

The DSM was last published in 2013, whilst the ICD last edition was published in ______ .

Similar to the DSM, the ICD includes ______ guidelines on mental and behavioural disorders.

The ICD is essential for those tracking progress in global health and deciding on the ______ of health resources.

Statistical Infrequency

Statistical infrequency

Deviation from Social Norms

Deviation from social norms

Abnormality Assessment

Presence of abnormality

Failure to function adequately

Deviation from ideal mental health

Jahoda's Indicators of Good Mental Health

Worldwide Mental Disorder Incidence (2016)

Universal Psychological Disorders

Diagnostic Boundary Issues

Influence of Diagnostic Labels

Impact of Diagnostic Revisions

Anxiety Disorders

Personality Disorders

Historical treatments

Philippe Pinel

Environmental Interventions

Medical Model

Psychopathology

Diagnosis

Therapy

Prognosis

Neuroscience Perspective

Psychological Theories

Psychodynamic Theory

Behavioral Theory

Cognitive Theory

Socio-cultural Approach

Biopsychosocial Approach

Classifying Disorders Importance

What is the DSM?

What is the DSM used for?

When was the latest DSM published?

What is the ICD?

Who uses the ICD?

When was the latest ICD published?

Who publishes the DSM?

Who publishes the ICD?