Psychological Communication Concepts

The process of creating and sharing information, ideas, opinions, and feelings between people.

The person who starts the communication and has an idea to convey.

The process of translating an idea into a message using words, symbols, or gestures.

The actual content being conveyed, which can be written, spoken, symbolic, or nonverbal.

The medium used to transmit the message, such as speech, writing, or technology.

The person who receives the message and attempts to understand it.

The interpretation of the received message, aiming for a shared understanding with the sender.

The response the receiver sends back to the sender, indicating understanding or a reaction.

Communication that uses spoken words, either face-to-face or remotely.

Communication that uses body language, facial expressions, hand gestures, and posture.

Communication that uses visual aids like signs, maps, drawings, color, or graphic design.

An individual's understanding and interpretation of the message.

The intention or meaning that the sender conveys.

The process of checking whether the receiver has understood the message as intended.

Communication within an individual, encompassing their thoughts, feelings, and perceptions.

The process of receiving, processing, coding, storing, and retrieving information from the external world.

The way we perceive things can be influenced by unsatisfied needs or desires.

A hierarchical model of human needs, starting with basic physiological needs and ascending to self-actualization.

Needs that arise from a lack of something, such as food, safety, or belonging.

Needs that focus on personal growth and fulfillment, such as self-actualization.

The ability to recognize oneself, one's relationship to the world, and the limitations of knowledge.

The mental processes used to organize sensory stimuli, interpret information, and assign meaning to the external world.

These are the most basic requirements for survival, like food, water, shelter, and sleep. Without them, the body cannot function properly.

These needs involve feeling safe and secure. They include protection from harm, order, stability, and freedom from fear.

These needs involve feeling loved, accepted, and belonging to a group. They include friendship, intimacy, and a sense of connection.

These needs involve feeling good about yourself and having confidence in your abilities. They include self-esteem, respect from others, achievement, and independence.

These needs involve reaching your full potential as a person. They include creativity, problem-solving, personal growth, and self-actualization.

This is the idea that needs must be satisfied in a specific order, starting with the most basic needs and progressing to higher-level needs.

This refers to the idea that meeting needs is not an all-or-nothing process. Even if a need is not fully satisfied, it can be addressed enough to move on to the next level.

This refers to the idea that individuals may move up and down the hierarchy of needs due to life experiences.

The anticipation of someone's behavior based on their role or situation.

Elements in the environment like time, location, or temperature that influence perception.

A need for social connection, feeling like you belong, and having strong interpersonal relationships. Examples include friendship, intimacy, trust, and receiving affection.

A person's values, beliefs, and cultural background influence their perceptions.

Factors influencing a person's awareness, including drugs, previous experiences, and communication.

A communication exchange where both parties send and receive information.

Communication where information flows only from sender to receiver, without feedback.

How we see ourselves, which influences how we view others and situations. A strong self-concept leads to more accurate perceptions.

Past experiences shape how we perceive present situations. For example, someone betrayed by friends might be wary of new relationships.

A model representing the different aspects of a person's personality: open, hidden, blind, and unknown.

The open area within the Johari Window, representing the aspects of a personality that are both known to the individual and others.

Our emotional state affects our perceptions. Feeling happy or depressed can change how we interpret events.

Our beliefs strongly influence what we perceive as true. We often filter information to support our existing beliefs.

The tendency to perceive things in a way that confirms our pre-existing beliefs or expectations, often ignoring contradictory information.