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Questions and Answers
Patients primarily visit their doctors due to improving their psychological well-being.
Patients primarily visit their doctors due to improving their psychological well-being.
False
Most medical diagnoses rely solely on patient interviews and self-reported symptoms.
Most medical diagnoses rely solely on patient interviews and self-reported symptoms.
False
The chapter suggests that psychiatric conditions can be associated with specific medical disorders.
The chapter suggests that psychiatric conditions can be associated with specific medical disorders.
True
Somatic symptoms are always explained by underlying medical conditions.
Somatic symptoms are always explained by underlying medical conditions.
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Mind-body dualism is a concept explored in the context of the relationship between psychiatry and medicine.
Mind-body dualism is a concept explored in the context of the relationship between psychiatry and medicine.
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Psychiatric diagnoses always include clear physical pathology.
Psychiatric diagnoses always include clear physical pathology.
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Mind-body dualism, a concept traced back to Descartes, suggests that the mind and body are interconnected.
Mind-body dualism, a concept traced back to Descartes, suggests that the mind and body are interconnected.
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The term 'comorbidity' refers to the co-occurrence of two disorders, including both mental and physical symptoms.
The term 'comorbidity' refers to the co-occurrence of two disorders, including both mental and physical symptoms.
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Somatization refers to cases where patients exhibit physical symptoms without any psychological components.
Somatization refers to cases where patients exhibit physical symptoms without any psychological components.
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Historically, psychiatric disorders were seen as purely mental, contrasting with the physical nature of medical diagnoses.
Historically, psychiatric disorders were seen as purely mental, contrasting with the physical nature of medical diagnoses.
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DSM-5 has increased the number of classifications for somatic symptom disorders compared to previous categorizations.
DSM-5 has increased the number of classifications for somatic symptom disorders compared to previous categorizations.
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The traditional dualistic categories of illness combine both psychological and physical symptoms in a single category.
The traditional dualistic categories of illness combine both psychological and physical symptoms in a single category.
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The oversimplification of dualism can result in missed diagnoses and treatment opportunities.
The oversimplification of dualism can result in missed diagnoses and treatment opportunities.
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Patients with somatoform disorders are rarely found in general practice settings.
Patients with somatoform disorders are rarely found in general practice settings.
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Liaison psychiatry services have been developed to address the organizational split between medicine and psychiatry.
Liaison psychiatry services have been developed to address the organizational split between medicine and psychiatry.
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Psychosis is the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in casualty departments.
Psychosis is the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in casualty departments.
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About one-third of patients in medical and surgical outpatient clinics have a psychiatric disorder.
About one-third of patients in medical and surgical outpatient clinics have a psychiatric disorder.
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The incidence of depression and anxiety disorders among inpatients in medical/surgical wards is around 50%.
The incidence of depression and anxiety disorders among inpatients in medical/surgical wards is around 50%.
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An exacerbation of symptoms in patients with chronic medical conditions can sometimes be attributed to a comorbid anxiety disorder.
An exacerbation of symptoms in patients with chronic medical conditions can sometimes be attributed to a comorbid anxiety disorder.
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Psychiatric disorders are present in about one-half of patients with serious acute medical conditions.
Psychiatric disorders are present in about one-half of patients with serious acute medical conditions.
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Epidemiological studies show that the comorbidity between physical illness and mental health issues is significant.
Epidemiological studies show that the comorbidity between physical illness and mental health issues is significant.
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Suicide rates are less prevalent among medically ill patients compared to the general population.
Suicide rates are less prevalent among medically ill patients compared to the general population.
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Substance misuse is one of the psychiatric disorders commonly associated with being medically ill.
Substance misuse is one of the psychiatric disorders commonly associated with being medically ill.
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A psychiatric disorder can sometimes be caused by a medical condition due to the effects of treatment on the brain.
A psychiatric disorder can sometimes be caused by a medical condition due to the effects of treatment on the brain.
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Depression has no impact on the compliance of patients with chronic illnesses regarding medical treatments.
Depression has no impact on the compliance of patients with chronic illnesses regarding medical treatments.
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Factitious disorder is among the psychiatric disorders linked to the medically ill.
Factitious disorder is among the psychiatric disorders linked to the medically ill.
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Delirium is very common among medical/surgical outpatients.
Delirium is very common among medical/surgical outpatients.
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Somatic symptoms can occur in the absence of a medical diagnosis.
Somatic symptoms can occur in the absence of a medical diagnosis.
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Panic disorder does not lead to any medically unexplained symptoms.
Panic disorder does not lead to any medically unexplained symptoms.
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Somatoform disorders are typically diagnosed by ruling out all medical explanations.
Somatoform disorders are typically diagnosed by ruling out all medical explanations.
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Depressive and anxiety disorders frequently present with physical symptoms such as pain and fatigue.
Depressive and anxiety disorders frequently present with physical symptoms such as pain and fatigue.
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Psychosis is very common in casualty medical settings.
Psychosis is very common in casualty medical settings.
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There is a linear relationship between the number of somatic symptoms and the presence of depression or anxiety disorders.
There is a linear relationship between the number of somatic symptoms and the presence of depression or anxiety disorders.
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The biopsychosocial formulation includes factors related solely to biology and psychology.
The biopsychosocial formulation includes factors related solely to biology and psychology.
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Cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in improving lifestyle risk factors and reducing distress.
Cognitive behavioral therapy is effective in improving lifestyle risk factors and reducing distress.
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Anxiolytic drugs are used primarily for long-term management of chronic psychiatric disorders.
Anxiolytic drugs are used primarily for long-term management of chronic psychiatric disorders.
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The treatment for associated psychiatric disorders should disregard existing medical conditions.
The treatment for associated psychiatric disorders should disregard existing medical conditions.
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General practitioners are usually insufficient for managing complex cases of psychiatric disorders.
General practitioners are usually insufficient for managing complex cases of psychiatric disorders.
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Antidepressants are prescribed with different indications for patients with physical illnesses compared to those without.
Antidepressants are prescribed with different indications for patients with physical illnesses compared to those without.
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Anticholinergic drugs can cause visual hallucinations and delirium.
Anticholinergic drugs can cause visual hallucinations and delirium.
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Mefloquine is solely associated with fatigue and loss of appetite.
Mefloquine is solely associated with fatigue and loss of appetite.
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Psychiatric symptoms can arise from the treatment of medical conditions.
Psychiatric symptoms can arise from the treatment of medical conditions.
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L-Dopa is linked to the side effects of only depression and psychotic symptoms.
L-Dopa is linked to the side effects of only depression and psychotic symptoms.
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Patients should not be allowed to express their worries and fears about their medical condition.
Patients should not be allowed to express their worries and fears about their medical condition.
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The psychiatric conditions triggered by medical issues are classified as 'organic' mental disorders.
The psychiatric conditions triggered by medical issues are classified as 'organic' mental disorders.
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Patients with a history of psychiatric disorders are at lower risk of developing psychiatric symptoms during medical illnesses.
Patients with a history of psychiatric disorders are at lower risk of developing psychiatric symptoms during medical illnesses.
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Minimizing the negative effects of an illness is one of the primary strategies for preventing psychiatric disorders in medically ill patients.
Minimizing the negative effects of an illness is one of the primary strategies for preventing psychiatric disorders in medically ill patients.
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Delirium and dementia cannot be triggered by acute infections.
Delirium and dementia cannot be triggered by acute infections.
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Psychological impact from severe symptoms like breathlessness can lead to psychiatric problems.
Psychological impact from severe symptoms like breathlessness can lead to psychiatric problems.
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Randomized controlled trials have widely included patients with co-occurring medical and psychiatric conditions.
Randomized controlled trials have widely included patients with co-occurring medical and psychiatric conditions.
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Pheochromocytoma is classified solely under neurological disorders.
Pheochromocytoma is classified solely under neurological disorders.
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Detecting and treating early stages of psychiatric disorders is not recommended in the prevention strategies for the medically ill.
Detecting and treating early stages of psychiatric disorders is not recommended in the prevention strategies for the medically ill.
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A growing body of data indicates the effectiveness of antidepressant trials in patients with co-occurring conditions.
A growing body of data indicates the effectiveness of antidepressant trials in patients with co-occurring conditions.
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Chronic diseases are less likely to provoke psychiatric issues compared to acute medical conditions.
Chronic diseases are less likely to provoke psychiatric issues compared to acute medical conditions.
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Study Notes
Introduction
- This chapter examines psychiatry's role in general medical practice.
- It explores two facets: application of psychiatric knowledge in general medical settings, and the associated psychiatric conditions.
- The chapter is structured to address psychiatric disorders in medical settings.
Psychiatry, medicine, and mind-body dualism
- Patients seek medical attention for symptoms causing distress.
- Medical assessment aims to diagnose the illness and guide management plans, which are categorized as either medical or psychiatric.
- Medical diagnoses are based on symptoms, physical signs, and biological investigations.
- These identify abnormalities related to function/structure to identify disease.
Psychiatric disorder presenting as apparent worsening of a medical condition
- Exacerbation of chronic medical conditions can have co-occurring depressive disorders.
- The interaction between the two complicates treatment.
Comorbidity: the co-occurrence of psychiatric and medical conditions
- Psychiatric conditions often coexist with medical conditions, impacting treatment.
- An eating disorder can complicate diabetes management, while depression increases mortality risk after myocardial infarction.
Epidemiology
- Psychiatric disorders frequently co-occur with serious medical conditions.
- Determining precise co-occurrence rates is challenging due to varying diagnostic criteria and standardisation issues.
- Depression and anxiety are common risk factors in medical settings.
The causes of psychiatric comorbidity in the medically ill
- Psychiatric disorders may arise by chance, result from the medical illness, or as a response to the condition or treatment.
- Medical conditions like alcohol dependence can cause liver cirrhosis.
- Medical or treatment-related effects on the brain or body, psychological impact of the condition or treatment, or social effects can also trigger psychiatric comorbidity.
Psychiatric disorders that are common in the medically ill
- Adjustment disorders, major depression, anxiety disorders, acute stress disorders, somatoform disorders, substance misuse disorders, eating disorders, sleep disorders, factitious disorders, and sexual disorders.
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Description
This quiz explores the intricate relationship between psychiatry and medicine, focusing on concepts such as mind-body dualism and comorbidity. It addresses how psychiatric conditions can manifest alongside physical disorders and discusses the history of psychiatric diagnostics. Test your understanding of these crucial themes in the connection between psychological and medical practices.
