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Questions and Answers
What is a potential outcome of experiencing discrimination in relationships, according to mixed findings?
What is a potential outcome of experiencing discrimination in relationships, according to mixed findings?
In lower socioeconomic status (SES) contexts, what tendency is likely to increase?
In lower socioeconomic status (SES) contexts, what tendency is likely to increase?
What effect does self-protection have on relationship satisfaction?
What effect does self-protection have on relationship satisfaction?
What phenomenon occurs when individuals are affected by their partner's experience of discrimination?
What phenomenon occurs when individuals are affected by their partner's experience of discrimination?
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What might resilient couple identities in lower-SES contexts signify?
What might resilient couple identities in lower-SES contexts signify?
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What is a reason LGBTQ+ individuals maintain friendships with their ex-partners?
What is a reason LGBTQ+ individuals maintain friendships with their ex-partners?
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What is a result of feeling motivated to conceal a queer identity in relationships?
What is a result of feeling motivated to conceal a queer identity in relationships?
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Under what condition do people experience better relationship quality in same-sex relationships?
Under what condition do people experience better relationship quality in same-sex relationships?
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How does social network support impact same-sex relationships?
How does social network support impact same-sex relationships?
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What type of discrimination can add stress to same-sex relationships?
What type of discrimination can add stress to same-sex relationships?
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What aspect does the Couple Identity Study focus on?
What aspect does the Couple Identity Study focus on?
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What is a potential benefit of intercultural relationships according to the content?
What is a potential benefit of intercultural relationships according to the content?
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What common strength do both same-sex and mixed-sex couples share?
What common strength do both same-sex and mixed-sex couples share?
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Which study indicated that cultural sharing relates to relationship quality?
Which study indicated that cultural sharing relates to relationship quality?
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What is a conclusion drawn from the Couple Identity Study about couples?
What is a conclusion drawn from the Couple Identity Study about couples?
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Which factor is highlighted as important for relationship quality among couples?
Which factor is highlighted as important for relationship quality among couples?
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What does the content suggest about the frequency of resilience among different socioeconomic statuses (SES)?
What does the content suggest about the frequency of resilience among different socioeconomic statuses (SES)?
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What overarching theme relates same-sex and mixed-sex couples according to the content?
What overarching theme relates same-sex and mixed-sex couples according to the content?
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Which factor is most likely to shape views on relationships according to social class?
Which factor is most likely to shape views on relationships according to social class?
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What is the term that describes a focus on warm, close, supportive interdependent family relationships, especially among Latine individuals?
What is the term that describes a focus on warm, close, supportive interdependent family relationships, especially among Latine individuals?
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How do higher socio-economic status (SES) individuals typically view relationships?
How do higher socio-economic status (SES) individuals typically view relationships?
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What unique questions do researchers consider when studying diverse relationship experiences?
What unique questions do researchers consider when studying diverse relationship experiences?
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According to the content, what does the term 'hard interdependence' refer to?
According to the content, what does the term 'hard interdependence' refer to?
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In the Vignette Study, what is Steven's concern regarding his uncle?
In the Vignette Study, what is Steven's concern regarding his uncle?
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Which of the following is NOT a focus of diversity in research according to the provided content?
Which of the following is NOT a focus of diversity in research according to the provided content?
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What aspect of educational attainment is considered necessary for understanding relationship views between different social classes?
What aspect of educational attainment is considered necessary for understanding relationship views between different social classes?
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What do the initials WEIRD stand for in relation to society characteristics?
What do the initials WEIRD stand for in relation to society characteristics?
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What demographic is most commonly represented in psychology research samples?
What demographic is most commonly represented in psychology research samples?
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What percentage of studies assessed included any trans participants?
What percentage of studies assessed included any trans participants?
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Based on an assessment of relationship science studies from 1996-2020, what was a notable characteristic about the participants?
Based on an assessment of relationship science studies from 1996-2020, what was a notable characteristic about the participants?
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Which of the following statements about diversity in research samples is accurate?
Which of the following statements about diversity in research samples is accurate?
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In the context of relationship science, what is highlighted as a major gap in research representation?
In the context of relationship science, what is highlighted as a major gap in research representation?
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What is the implication of the term 'Diversity in Research Samples' referenced in relationship science?
What is the implication of the term 'Diversity in Research Samples' referenced in relationship science?
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What aspect of diversity in psychological research is often overlooked?
What aspect of diversity in psychological research is often overlooked?
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Which subgroup of the population is mentioned as being underrepresented in studies within relationship science?
Which subgroup of the population is mentioned as being underrepresented in studies within relationship science?
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What can be concluded about the representation of racial diversity in U.S. psychology studies?
What can be concluded about the representation of racial diversity in U.S. psychology studies?
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What approach does the lower-SES participant suggest regarding Steven's uncle at the event?
What approach does the lower-SES participant suggest regarding Steven's uncle at the event?
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What is a significant observation about how couples in 2017 commonly met?
What is a significant observation about how couples in 2017 commonly met?
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Which statement reflects a common bias in relationships?
Which statement reflects a common bias in relationships?
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What does the phrase 'thin dating markets' imply?
What does the phrase 'thin dating markets' imply?
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What is the advice given by the higher-SES participant concerning Steven's uncle?
What is the advice given by the higher-SES participant concerning Steven's uncle?
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Which statement about biases in dating is accurate?
Which statement about biases in dating is accurate?
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What is suggested regarding the breakup of couples?
What is suggested regarding the breakup of couples?
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What trend has been observed about the ability of individuals to find dating partners?
What trend has been observed about the ability of individuals to find dating partners?
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Study Notes
Psych 313 Relationship Science - Class 11: Diversity
- Class focuses on diversity in relationship science research, views on relationships, entering/leaving relationships, stressors, and strengths.
Diversity in Research Samples
- Psychology research samples tend to be WEIRD: Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic.
- White, wealthy, educated people are overrepresented in samples.
- Relationship science samples are not drastically different, with studies between 1996-2000 and 2016-2020 predominantly featuring White, heterosexual women from the U.S.
Sexual & Gender Minorities
- Heterosexual couples are overrepresented, with other sexual orientations significantly underrepresented.
- Gay or lesbian couples: 96.2% median representation
- Bisexual: Near 0% median representation
- Men: 40% median representation
- Women: 60% median representation
- Nonbinary: Near 0% median representation
Racial Representation (U.S. Studies)
- White Americans are overrepresented in studies (76.2% median representation).
- Other groups are underrepresented, including Black, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders (AAPI), Latinx, and Native Americans.
Geographic Representation
- Geographic diversity is very limited in published research.
Missing Information if Not Diverse
- Limited ability to generalize findings outside of WEIRD samples.
- Uncovering unique relationship experiences and perspectives across diverse groups is crucial.
- Important theoretical and empirical questions may be overlooked.
Views on Relationships
- Familism: Prioritizes family relationships above individual needs. More common among Latino individuals than in other groups.
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Social Class Differences:
- Higher-SES: Focus on individual expression, independence. -Lower-SES: Hard interdependence, greater emphasis on social support and responsiveness to others.
Vignette Study
- Illustrates different perspectives on relationship dilemmas (e.g. a difficult family member at a wedding).
- Participants in lower-SES and higher-SES groups offer contrasting advice reflecting cultural norms.
Advice to Break Off a Relationship
- Lower-SES more likely to advise keeping the relationship, based on familial obligations
- Higher-SES more likely to advise ending the relationship.
Entering Relationships
- Online meeting is the most common method today for both mixed and same-sex couples.
- Meeting online became more common earlier for same-sex couples.
Dating Bias
- Bias exists in various forms of dating, particularly in OkCupid profiles and scores, affecting perceptions of various individuals based on race, sexual orientation, gender, SES, etc.
- Extensive biases do not exist for all areas of relationships, with racial and political differences also important to consider.
Leaving Relationships
- LGBTQ+ people tend to maintain friendships with former partners more often due to connectedness and security needs.
Stressors
- Discrimination and harassment disproportionately impact same-sex relationships, leading to stress, and lower relationship quality and concealing queer identities, and lack of social network support.
- Racial discrimination impacts mixed-race relationships, with varied findings on support and quality of the relationship.
- Lower SES contexts are more vulnerable to self-protection being a major variable in relationship quality.
Strengths
- Stressors in lower SES contexts potentially create resilience within couples.
- Lower and higher SES couples may have similar relationship qualities, with the same common traits for successful relationships.
- Intercultural relationships present opportunities for self-expansion.
- Important shared elements of quality in same-sex and opposite-sex relationships.
- Adoptive parents in same-sex couples may divide childcare roles more equally.
- Investment models can apply to these diverse types of relationships–even if one or more components are lower, the others can make up for it.
- Microaffirmations within a relationship.
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Description
This quiz explores the representation diversity in relationship science research, including the overrepresentation of certain demographic groups. It examines trends in sexual and gender minorities, racial representation, and the implications for the validity of relationship studies. Engage with key concepts in relationship diversity and its research challenges.
