Relationship Between Science and Technology

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What is a major limitation of relying on authority as a source of information?

Authorities can be wrong even when they assert their beliefs strongly. (correct)

Authorities have no limitations as sources of information.

Authorities have no impact on shaping people's beliefs.

Authorities are always correct in their beliefs.

What historical figure faced consequences for challenging the authority of his time about the Earth's position in relation to the sun?

Albert Einstein

Johannes Kepler

Galileo (correct)

Isaac Newton

Why would someone who has no faith in authority not be reading a research methods book or taking a course from a professor?

Because they believe in unproven theories.

Because they only trust their personal experiences.

Because they already know everything.

Because authorities play a role in providing knowledge and education. (correct)

What is emphasized as a continuing theme in the history of science according to the text?

Intellectual freedom from authority dogmas Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes logic based on the text provided?

Logic is often crucial in drawing correct conclusions about the world. Signup and view all the answers

What role do government, news media, and books play in influencing beliefs according to the text?

They serve as authorities whose credibility impacts beliefs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between technology and science?

Technology aims to make something work, while science aims to understand why it works Signup and view all the answers

Which field would be more interested in the reason why aspirin reduces headaches?

Science Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the automatic governor invented by James Watt?

To control the supply of steam to the engine Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the text, what does 'flooding technique' refer to?

A psychological therapy method involving exposing a person to their fears Signup and view all the answers

Why is it mentioned that often technology is ahead of science?

Because technology focuses on practical applications first Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the criteria for establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between events?

Temporal precedence Signup and view all the answers

In the context of the text, what does co-variation of cause and effect refer to?

When the cause is present, the effect happens Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for causes to occur before events in establishing causality?

To ensure temporal precedence Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the three criteria that must be met to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between events?

Co-variation of cause and effect Signup and view all the answers

Which term best describes events that occur at the same time, but are not necessarily cause-and-effect related?

Coincidental occurrences Signup and view all the answers

Why does the text mention that co-variation need not be perfect in establishing causality?

To demonstrate probabilistic relationships Signup and view all the answers

According to the theory of obesity mentioned in the text, what is the prediction about overweight people in certain situations?

Overweight people will eat less than average-weight people when they need to make an effort to obtain food. Signup and view all the answers

In the experiment by Richard Nisbett (1968) mentioned in the text, what did participants of average weight tend to do when presented with one sandwich in front of them?

They left food on their plate. Signup and view all the answers

What did overweight people tend to do in the same experiment by Richard Nisbett (1968) when presented with food?

Eat whatever amount of food was available. Signup and view all the answers

Based on the text, what does the theory of obesity suggest about the eating habits of overweight individuals when compared to average-weight individuals?

Overweight individuals tend to eat more regardless of external cues. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of prosocial behavior mentioned in the text, what is a counterintuitive finding related to helping people during an emergency situation?

The more witnesses there are, the less likely someone is to receive help. Signup and view all the answers

In the study by Richard Nisbett (1968), what did participants of average weight tend to do when given three sandwiches in front of them?

Leave food on their plate. Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the arched back of a cat and fighting?

The arched back is correlated with fighting but does not cause it. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of scientific activity, why are the discovery of laws not considered the capstone?

Discovery of laws happens only in the early steps of scientific activity. Signup and view all the answers

How is the discovery of a law related to the description of a sociopathic personality?

Discovery of a law helps in describing sociopathic personalities. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of science according to the text?

To search for causes of observed events. Signup and view all the answers

Why is discovering the cause of an event compared to a detective story?

Because causes are often complex and require investigation like in a detective story. Signup and view all the answers

How are child abuse and its causes related in scientific investigation?

Scientifically understanding child abuse requires identifying its causes. Signup and view all the answers