PSYC200 Chapter 11: Health and Wellbeing

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What type of stress is characterized by preparing for a party or applying to a college?

Distress

Eustress (correct)

Daily hassles

Major life stressors

What are the small, day-to-day irritations and annoyances referred to as?

Major life stressors

Eustress

Distress

Daily hassles (correct)

What is the slower-acting response to stress that involves a complex system of biological events?

Alarm stage

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis (correct)

General adaptation syndrome (GAS)

Sympathetic nervous system response

What is the first stage of physiological coping, according to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome?

Alarm Signup and view all the answers

What type of stress is characterized by negative events, such as illness or traffic?

Distress Signup and view all the answers

What is the system that responds to stress by releasing epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream?

Sympathetic nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What are the changes or disruptions that strain central areas of people's lives referred to as?

Major life stressors Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage of physiological coping, according to Hans Selye's general adaptation syndrome?

Exhaustion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the alarm stage in response to stress?

To enhance the body's physical abilities and reduce vulnerability to infection Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the body's stress resistance during the alarm stage?

It decreases briefly Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the resistance stage in response to stress?

To maximize the body's defenses and increase immunity Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of prolonged or overwhelming stress on the body's health?

It impairs health Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the body's physiological and immune systems during the exhaustion stage?

They begin to fail Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the 'fight or flight' response in the body?

To reduce pain and increase the heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of cortisol and other stress hormones in the body's response to stress?

They focus on planning adaptive coping strategies Signup and view all the answers

Who is credited with identifying the 'fight or flight' response?

Walter Cannon Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the field of health psychology?

To apply psychological principles to promote health and well-being Signup and view all the answers

What is the biopsychosocial model of health?

A model that integrates biological, behavioral, and social factors on health and illness Signup and view all the answers

What do health psychologists study in relation to health outcomes?

Both ethnic and sex differences in health outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of health psychologists in helping people lead healthier lives?

To promote health and well-being by applying psychological principles Signup and view all the answers

What is well-being according to health psychology?

A positive state that includes striving for optimal health and life satisfaction Signup and view all the answers

What do thoughts and actions affect according to health psychology?

People's choices of the environments they interact with Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of research in health psychology?

To integrate research on health and psychology Signup and view all the answers

What do health psychologists study in relation to behavior?

How behavior and social systems affect health Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people who quit do so on their own?

90 Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of aerobic exercise?

Triggering genes to produce proteins fighting chronic diseases Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of aerobic exercise?

Increasing the risk of heart disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for something in the environment that is perceived as threatening or demanding?

Stressor Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for deciding whether to view something as a stressor?

Appraisal Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for any emotional and physical responses to the stressor?

Stress reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for any attempt made to avoid, escape from, or minimize a stressor?

Coping response Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason why aerobic exercise is correlated with high confidence, vitality, and energy, and good mood?

One study establishing causation: mildly depressed young women randomly assigned to an exercise group showed reduced depression caused by exercise alone Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of having a hostile personality and being depressed?

The worsening of heart disease Signup and view all the answers

What is a common predictor of heart disease?

Genetic predisposition to high blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of primary appraisals in the coping process?

To decide whether a stimulus is stressful, benign, or irrelevant Signup and view all the answers

What type of coping involves taking direct steps to confront or minimize a stressor?

Problem-focused coping Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk associated with problem-focused coping?

Magnifying emotional distress Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of emotion-focused coping?

To prevent an emotional response to a stressor Signup and view all the answers

What is a behavioral factor that contributes to heart disease?

Smoking Signup and view all the answers

What is a psychological factor that contributes to heart disease?

Chronic stress Signup and view all the answers