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Questions and Answers
What is the main argument against focusing solely on individual responsibility for health behavior change?
What is the main argument against focusing solely on individual responsibility for health behavior change?
Which of the following is NOT a popular theoretical framework mentioned in the text?
Which of the following is NOT a popular theoretical framework mentioned in the text?
According to the Health Belief Model, what are the two key beliefs that influence health behavior change?
According to the Health Belief Model, what are the two key beliefs that influence health behavior change?
Which component of the Theory of Planned Behaviour focuses on the perceived social pressure to engage in a specific behavior?
Which component of the Theory of Planned Behaviour focuses on the perceived social pressure to engage in a specific behavior?
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The Theory of Planned Behaviour assumes that individuals make decisions based on:
The Theory of Planned Behaviour assumes that individuals make decisions based on:
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What is the central idea behind Social Cognitive Theory?
What is the central idea behind Social Cognitive Theory?
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Which of the following is considered a health behaviour model?
Which of the following is considered a health behaviour model?
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What is the primary objective of health promotion and primary prevention?
What is the primary objective of health promotion and primary prevention?
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What is the primary focus of the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)?
What is the primary focus of the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT)?
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In the context of the SCT, what does "self-efficacy" specifically refer to?
In the context of the SCT, what does "self-efficacy" specifically refer to?
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How can Implementation Intentions (IIs) contribute to achieving desired behaviors?
How can Implementation Intentions (IIs) contribute to achieving desired behaviors?
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What is a significant challenge identified regarding the relationship between intentions and behavior?
What is a significant challenge identified regarding the relationship between intentions and behavior?
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What is a key reason why interventions based on the SCT may need adaptation?
What is a key reason why interventions based on the SCT may need adaptation?
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What is the most effective strategy for prompting health behavior change according to the text?
What is the most effective strategy for prompting health behavior change according to the text?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential application of the Social Cognitive Theory?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential application of the Social Cognitive Theory?
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What is the main difference between the reflective and impulsive modes of decision-making?
What is the main difference between the reflective and impulsive modes of decision-making?
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What is the primary function of the COM-B framework?
What is the primary function of the COM-B framework?
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What does the concept of 'Impulsive Threads' highlight?
What does the concept of 'Impulsive Threads' highlight?
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Which of the following strategies addresses 'Impulsive Threads' in behavior change?
Which of the following strategies addresses 'Impulsive Threads' in behavior change?
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What is the central idea behind motivational interviewing?
What is the central idea behind motivational interviewing?
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How does 'change talk' relate to motivational interviewing?
How does 'change talk' relate to motivational interviewing?
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What is the role of 'ambivalence' in motivational interviewing?
What is the role of 'ambivalence' in motivational interviewing?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the OARS approach in motivational interviewing?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the OARS approach in motivational interviewing?
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What is the key goal of establishing 'discrepancy' in motivational interviewing?
What is the key goal of establishing 'discrepancy' in motivational interviewing?
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What is a key characteristic of a well-specified Behaviour Change Technique (BCT)?
What is a key characteristic of a well-specified Behaviour Change Technique (BCT)?
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What is the primary purpose of using a BCT taxonomy?
What is the primary purpose of using a BCT taxonomy?
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In the context of Motivational Interviewing, how does identifying ambivalence assist in behavior change?
In the context of Motivational Interviewing, how does identifying ambivalence assist in behavior change?
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Which of the following is NOT a direct benefit of using a BCT taxonomy for research purposes?
Which of the following is NOT a direct benefit of using a BCT taxonomy for research purposes?
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What is the primary role of BCTs in the context of behavioral interventions?
What is the primary role of BCTs in the context of behavioral interventions?
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Which of the following is NOT a core element of Motivational Interviewing?
Which of the following is NOT a core element of Motivational Interviewing?
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Which of the following is a key benefit of using a well-defined BCT taxonomy for intervention development?
Which of the following is a key benefit of using a well-defined BCT taxonomy for intervention development?
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How does Motivational Interviewing contribute to resolving ambivalence about change?
How does Motivational Interviewing contribute to resolving ambivalence about change?
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What is a key criticism of interventions based on behavioral theory, according to Mike Weed?
What is a key criticism of interventions based on behavioral theory, according to Mike Weed?
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What is a potential benefit of using the BCT Taxonomy for intervention design?
What is a potential benefit of using the BCT Taxonomy for intervention design?
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According to the article, what is one key limitation of large-scale effectiveness trials for behavioral interventions?
According to the article, what is one key limitation of large-scale effectiveness trials for behavioral interventions?
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How can the BCT Taxonomy be useful for understanding the effectiveness of past interventions?
How can the BCT Taxonomy be useful for understanding the effectiveness of past interventions?
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What does Hagger argue is necessary for promoting the adoption of behavioral interventions by policymakers?
What does Hagger argue is necessary for promoting the adoption of behavioral interventions by policymakers?
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What is one area of potential agreement between Hagger and Weed regarding behavioral interventions?
What is one area of potential agreement between Hagger and Weed regarding behavioral interventions?
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What does the BCT Taxonomy consist of?
What does the BCT Taxonomy consist of?
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What is a key aspect of implementation science that Hagger highlights as important for promoting behavioral interventions?
What is a key aspect of implementation science that Hagger highlights as important for promoting behavioral interventions?
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Which of these is NOT a reason why people might not engage in healthy behaviors?
Which of these is NOT a reason why people might not engage in healthy behaviors?
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Which of the following is NOT an example of 'Change Talk' as described in the content?
Which of the following is NOT an example of 'Change Talk' as described in the content?
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According to the content, which of the following professions would likely focus on implementing interventions and supporting individuals in adopting healthier behaviors?
According to the content, which of the following professions would likely focus on implementing interventions and supporting individuals in adopting healthier behaviors?
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Which of the following is NOT a key component of a successful worksite health promotion program according to the provided content?
Which of the following is NOT a key component of a successful worksite health promotion program according to the provided content?
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Self-Determination Theory (SDT) focuses on understanding which of the following?
Self-Determination Theory (SDT) focuses on understanding which of the following?
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Which of the following is an example of 'autonomous motivation', as described in the content?
Which of the following is an example of 'autonomous motivation', as described in the content?
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According to the content, how can motivators, such as parents or teachers, support the development of autonomous motivation in others?
According to the content, how can motivators, such as parents or teachers, support the development of autonomous motivation in others?
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Which of the following is NOT a key factor in promoting health behavior change, as suggested in the content?
Which of the following is NOT a key factor in promoting health behavior change, as suggested in the content?
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Flashcards
Health Belief Model
Health Belief Model
A model suggesting people will change health behaviors if they believe they are at risk and that action will help.
Theory of Planned Behaviour
Theory of Planned Behaviour
Theory stating individuals act based on attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.
Attribution Theory
Attribution Theory
A framework exploring how individuals explain the causes of their own and others' behaviors.
Self-Efficacy Theory
Self-Efficacy Theory
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Social Cognitive Theory
Social Cognitive Theory
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Goal Setting Theories
Goal Setting Theories
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Health Action Process Approach
Health Action Process Approach
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Transtheoretical Model
Transtheoretical Model
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Self-Efficacy
Self-Efficacy
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Social Learning Theory (SCT)
Social Learning Theory (SCT)
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Motivation Components
Motivation Components
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Implementation Intentions (IIs)
Implementation Intentions (IIs)
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Intention vs. Behavior
Intention vs. Behavior
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Reflective Mode
Reflective Mode
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Impulsive Mode
Impulsive Mode
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Behavior Change Interventions
Behavior Change Interventions
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Positive social cognitions
Positive social cognitions
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Stages of behavior change
Stages of behavior change
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Impulsive behavior
Impulsive behavior
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Short-term benefits
Short-term benefits
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COM-B Framework
COM-B Framework
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Capability in COM-B
Capability in COM-B
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Motivation in COM-B
Motivation in COM-B
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Motivational Interviewing
Motivational Interviewing
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Change Talk
Change Talk
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Desire in Change Talk
Desire in Change Talk
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Ability in Change Talk
Ability in Change Talk
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Self-Determination Theory (SDT)
Self-Determination Theory (SDT)
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Role of Health Psychologist
Role of Health Psychologist
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Occupational Health Psychology
Occupational Health Psychology
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Commitment in Change Talk
Commitment in Change Talk
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Motivation Barriers
Motivation Barriers
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Identify Ambivalence
Identify Ambivalence
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Elicit Reasons for Change
Elicit Reasons for Change
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Build Confidence
Build Confidence
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Resolve Ambivalence
Resolve Ambivalence
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Behavior Change Techniques (BCT)
Behavior Change Techniques (BCT)
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Taxonomy of BCTs
Taxonomy of BCTs
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Why BCTs are Needed
Why BCTs are Needed
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BCT Taxonomy
BCT Taxonomy
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Coding Past Interventions
Coding Past Interventions
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Hagger's Argument
Hagger's Argument
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Weed's Perspective
Weed's Perspective
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Implementation Science
Implementation Science
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Population Level Change
Population Level Change
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Need for More Research
Need for More Research
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Study Notes
Lecture 3: Theories and Behaviour Change Interventions
- Personal responsibility involves health promotion and primary prevention initiatives beyond individual behaviours.
- Popular theoretical frameworks include attribution theory, theory of planned behaviour, self-efficacy theory, self-perception models, achievement goals theory, goal setting theories, health belief model, transtheoretical model, and health action process approach.
Table 15.1: Exercise Stages, Goals, and Sample Behavior Change Strategies
- Precontemplation: Goal is to begin thinking about changing; Strategies include providing information about the role of exercise in good health, strengthening the actual and perceived personal benefits, reducing perceived costs and barriers, fostering a personal value for exercise.
- Contemplation: Goal is to adopt regular exercise; Strategies include creating marketing campaigns with accurate, easy-to-understand guidelines for beginning an exercise program, offering activities to increase exercise self-efficacy (e.g., mastery experiences), and evaluating pros and cons of exercise.
- Preparation: Goal is to adopt regular exercise at an appropriate target level; Strategies include creating a thorough physical and psychosocial assessment (self-monitoring), establishing realistic goals, evaluating environmental and social supports and barriers, and addressing barriers accordingly.
The Health Belief Model
- A health behaviour model based on the belief that a health threat exists and that action will lessen the threat.
- Health threat factors include personal vulnerability and the severity of consequences.
- The model suggests individuals are more likely to change health behaviours if they believe they are at risk of illness and taking action will help.
- Healthcare professionals utilize this model to develop programs that promote health behaviour changes.
Theory of Planned Behaviour
- Assumes individuals act rationally, influenced by attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.
- These factors form the backdrop for decision-making, not necessarily consciously considered.
- Components include attitude towards the behaviour (positive or negative evaluation), subjective norm (perceived social pressure), and perceived behavioral control (belief in one's ability to perform the behaviour).
Social Cognitive Theory
- Explains learning and behaviour through observation of others and the environment.
- Self-efficacy is the belief in one's ability to manage prospective situations.
- People learn by observing others, especially in social situations.
- Behaviour is influenced by personal factors, environment, and the actions of others.
- Motivation is also influenced by self-efficacy, goals, and values.
- This theory can be used for health behaviours, media influence, and global issues such as climate change, population growth, poverty reduction, and gender equality.
Implementation Intentions
- Intentions are more likely to be acted on when accompanied by "if/then" plans.
- Desired behaviours are integrated into a specific plan, making them more efficient, immediate, and automatic.
- Health models are better at predicting behaviour than explaining it.
- The relationship between intention and behaviour is often unstable.
- Whether someone follows through with intentions depends on various factors.
Dual Models
- Reflective mode: slow, rule-based, accessed intentionally, involves knowledge of values and probabilities, and self-regulation.
- Impulsive mode: associations acquired through experience.
Connecting Threads
- Interventions should promote positive social cognitions.
- Attitudes towards costs and benefits, as well as efficacy, are weighed.
How can we ensure intentions generate action?
- How can we prompt health behaviour?
COM-B Framework
- This framework proposes three components: capability, opportunity, and motivation.
- Leaders, policymakers, and behavioural scientists can understand why behaviours occur and how to promote change by assessing these components.
- Capability refers to psychological and physical ability to participate in an activity.
- Opportunity refers to external factors enabling behaviour.
- Motivation refers to cognitive processes driving behaviour.
Motivational Interviewing
- A counselling style that helps individuals change behaviours by increasing their motivation.
- Ambivalence (uncertainty) is a key component.
- Techniques include establishing rapport, eliciting change talk, and developing discrepancy.
- Change talk involves expressing reasons for change (desire, ability, reason, need, commitment).
Applications in Health Promotion
- Clinical health psychologists, behavioural counsellors, and applied health psychologists play roles in promoting behaviours via interventions.
- Public health professionals, researchers, and organisations involved in health promotion (such as the UK's Behavioural Insights Team) are also involved.
- Occupational health psychology focuses on work-related interventions, including factors like work design, training, ergonomic programs, health education, supportive social and physical environments, integration into company benefits to promote health and safety, employee assistance programs and employee screenings.
Self-Determination Theory
- Empirically based theory focusing on motivation, psychological needs, and wellness.
- Important for understanding how individuals' motivations and behaviours can be influenced by external factors (like others).
- Addresses how to facilitate (or hinder) motivation, using various strategies.
Behavioural Change Techniques (BCTs)
- These are the active ingredients in behavioural interventions to change behaviour.
- They are observable and replicable components designed to alter behaviour.
- These are grouped within a taxonomy with 93 individual techniques, within 16 categories.
- These help researchers design, conduct, interpret, and execute interventions.
Week 3 - Hagger and Weed Discussion
- The article discusses the effectiveness of behaviour change interventions grounded in theory, focusing on the efficacy of population-level interventions.
- One perspective argues for evidence based on large scale effectiveness trials as sufficient support.
- The other perspective emphasizes the need for further research, using implementation science to develop more effective real-world interventions across entire populations.
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Description
Test your understanding of key theories related to health behavior change, including the Health Belief Model and Social Cognitive Theory. This quiz explores important concepts such as individual responsibility, self-efficacy, and the goals of health promotion. Perfect for students of health psychology or public health.