PSY 375 Chapter 3: Rome and the Middle Ages

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What is the purpose of the common sense according to the text?

To synthesize information from the external senses (correct)

To make judgements about environmental objects

To remember information from the retentive imagination

To combine information in a creative way

What is the role of the retentive imagination according to the text?

To remember the synthesized information from the common sense (correct)

To combine information in a creative way

To make judgements about environmental objects

To associate objects or events with pain or pleasure

How do animals use compositive imagination according to the text?

In a strictly associative process, avoiding objects/events associated with pain and approaching those associated with pleasure (correct)

To make judgements about environmental objects

To combine information in a creative way

To remember the outcomes of information processing

How does human compositive imagination differ from animal compositive imagination according to the text?

Humans use it to creatively combine information from the common sense and retentive imagination Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the estimative power according to the text?

To make judgements about environmental objects Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the ability to remember the outcomes of information processing according to the text?

To remember the outcomes of all the information processing that occurs lower in the hierarchy Signup and view all the answers

What major departure did Avicenna make from Aristotle's philosophy?

Emphasizing the theological aspect of active intellect Signup and view all the answers

What did Averroës believe about the active intellect and survival after death?

Nothing personal survives death as the active intellect is the same for everyone Signup and view all the answers

What scientific contribution is Averroës credited with?

Identifying the light sensitive part of the eye as the retina Signup and view all the answers

What was Maimonides' main focus in 'The Guide for the Perplexed'?

Exploring the conflict between religion and philosophy Signup and view all the answers

What was Averroës' main focus in his writings?

Providing insights on senses, memory, and sleep based on Aristotle's philosophy Signup and view all the answers

How did Avicenna view the role of active intellect in understanding?

As a theological aspect for understanding the cosmic plan and God Signup and view all the answers

What was the main contribution of Anselm and Peter Lombard to Western philosophy?

Combining Aristotle's philosophy with Christian theology Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the method of study introduced by Peter Abelard during the Scholastic period?

Dialectic method Signup and view all the answers

What belief is associated with Realism?

Essences exist independently of individual instances Signup and view all the answers

What did Abeldard propose as a compromise between Realism and Nominalism?

Conceptualism Signup and view all the answers

What led to Abelard's conflict with William of Champeaux?

Conflict between logic and physics Signup and view all the answers

How did Abelard's relationship with Heloise begin?

As a result of Abelard being Heloise's tutor Signup and view all the answers

Why did Heloise initially refuse Abelard's marriage proposal?

She believed marriage would ruin Abelard's church career Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of Fulbert's belief regarding Abelard forcing Heloise to become a nun?

Abelard was castrated by Fulbert's aides Signup and view all the answers

How did Abelard's controversial teaching method impact his relationship with church authorities?

He was ordered to stop teaching and writing by Pope Innocent II Signup and view all the answers

In what manner did Abelard and Heloise maintain their relationship after the unfortunate events?

By exchanging love letters as monks/nuns Signup and view all the answers

What was Maimonides' view on passages from the Old Testament and the Talmud?

Many passages can be understood rationally, while others should be understood as allegory Signup and view all the answers

What was the key aspect of St. Anselm's ontological argument for the existence of God?

Both (a) and (b) Signup and view all the answers

According to Peter Lombard, how many ways are there to learn about God?

3 Signup and view all the answers

What was Maimonides' view on rejecting passages from the Bible or Talmud?

Passages should be rejected if they are demonstrably false, even if stated as true in the Bible or Talmud Signup and view all the answers

What was St. Anselm's view on the relationship between faith and reason?

Reason should be used to support and understand faith, but faith must come first Signup and view all the answers

According to Peter Lombard, what is one of the ways to learn about God?

Through the study of God's works (the empirical world) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the Dark Ages?

A period where villages were armed and education was limited primarily to the Church and nobility. Signup and view all the answers

What event is often considered the beginning of the Dark Ages?

All of the above are considered potential starting points of the Dark Ages. Signup and view all the answers

What was the result of the Crusades against the Muslims?

The Crusades brought the West back into contact with Greek philosophy, including the rediscovery of Aristotle's writings. Signup and view all the answers

How did Muslim philosophers contribute to the preservation and development of Greek philosophy?

Muslim philosophers translated, studied, and expanded on the ancient wisdom of Greece and Rome. Signup and view all the answers

What was Avicenna's contribution to the field of medicine?

He wrote a book on medicine called 'The Canon' that was used in European universities for centuries. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, what did Avicenna postulate about human thinking?

He postulated seven 'interior senses' arranged in a hierarchy, building upon the five external senses. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the initial interest in subjects like medicine, science, and mathematics in the Islamic empire?

These subjects were of great practical value during the expansion of the Islamic empire. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Christian church authorities respond to the rediscovery of Aristotle's writings in the West?

They attempted to 'Christianize' Aristotle's thoughts to make them acceptable. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the spread of Islam, according to believers?

Muhammad received a revelation from God instructing him to preach the religion. Signup and view all the answers

What was the extent of the Islamic empire at its peak, according to the passage?

It extended over an area larger than the Roman empire at its peak. Signup and view all the answers

PSY 375 Chapter 3: Rome and the Middle Ages - History of Psychology

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of the common sense according to the text?

What is the role of the retentive imagination according to the text?

How do animals use compositive imagination according to the text?

How does human compositive imagination differ from animal compositive imagination according to the text?

What is the purpose of the estimative power according to the text?

What is the purpose of the ability to remember the outcomes of information processing according to the text?

What major departure did Avicenna make from Aristotle's philosophy?

What did Averroës believe about the active intellect and survival after death?

What scientific contribution is Averroës credited with?

What was Maimonides' main focus in 'The Guide for the Perplexed'?

What was Averroës' main focus in his writings?

How did Avicenna view the role of active intellect in understanding?

What was the main contribution of Anselm and Peter Lombard to Western philosophy?

What characterized the method of study introduced by Peter Abelard during the Scholastic period?

What belief is associated with Realism?

What did Abeldard propose as a compromise between Realism and Nominalism?

What led to Abelard's conflict with William of Champeaux?

How did Abelard's relationship with Heloise begin?

Why did Heloise initially refuse Abelard's marriage proposal?

What was the consequence of Fulbert's belief regarding Abelard forcing Heloise to become a nun?

How did Abelard's controversial teaching method impact his relationship with church authorities?

In what manner did Abelard and Heloise maintain their relationship after the unfortunate events?

What was Maimonides' view on passages from the Old Testament and the Talmud?

What was the key aspect of St. Anselm's ontological argument for the existence of God?

According to Peter Lombard, how many ways are there to learn about God?

What was Maimonides' view on rejecting passages from the Bible or Talmud?

What was St. Anselm's view on the relationship between faith and reason?

According to Peter Lombard, what is one of the ways to learn about God?

Which of the following best describes the Dark Ages?

What event is often considered the beginning of the Dark Ages?

What was the result of the Crusades against the Muslims?

How did Muslim philosophers contribute to the preservation and development of Greek philosophy?

What was Avicenna's contribution to the field of medicine?

According to the passage, what did Avicenna postulate about human thinking?

What was the primary reason for the initial interest in subjects like medicine, science, and mathematics in the Islamic empire?

How did the Christian church authorities respond to the rediscovery of Aristotle's writings in the West?

What was the primary reason for the spread of Islam, according to believers?

What was the extent of the Islamic empire at its peak, according to the passage?

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