PSY 3511: Introduction to Counseling Psychology
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Questions and Answers

Which best classifies facilitating an anger management group for those who are on probation for an offense?

  • Preventative (correct)
  • Remedial
  • Educative-Developmental

    • Describe how World War I influenced the field of counseling psychology.

    World War I influenced the field of counseling psychology through the employment of testing and placement practices for military personnel, which later contributed to the development of career counseling strategies.

    What are the five phases of the counseling process?

    The five phases of the counseling process are: relationship building, assessment and diagnosis, formulating goals, intervention and action, and evaluation and termination.

    What are the goals of an intake interview?

    <p>The goals of an intake interview are to gather relevant information about the client, establish a therapeutic relationship, assess the client's needs and strengths, and determine the appropriate treatment plan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are different ways that you could monitor the client’s perceptions of the alliance?

    <p>Monitoring the client's perceptions of the alliance can be done through regular feedback, discussing the therapeutic relationship openly, using standardized alliance measures, and observing the client's verbal and nonverbal cues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the counselor notices that the alliance is worsening with their client, how could they handle this?

    <p>If the counselor notices that the alliance is worsening, they could address it by discussing concerns with the client, exploring underlying issues affecting the alliance, adjusting their approach to better meet the client's needs, and seeking supervision or consultation if needed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the purposes of open-ended questions in counseling?

    <p>Open-ended questions in counseling are used to begin conversations, encourage client elaboration, elicit specific examples, and motivate clients to communicate more openly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of paraphrasing in counseling?

    <p>The purpose of paraphrasing in counseling is to convey understanding to the client, simplify and crystallize their message, encourage elaboration, check for accuracy, and facilitate the conversation when unsure of the next step.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three main goals of the initial meeting during the Intake phase of the counseling process?

    <p>Explain the parameters of counseling (informed consent, confidentiality, payment, etc.), Build rapport and establish the relationship, Gather information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of information should a counselor gather from a client during the Intake phase?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of conceptualization in therapy?

    <p>To develop a hypothesis about why the client is behaving, feeling, and thinking a certain way</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between conceptualization and diagnosis in counseling?

    <p>Conceptualization focuses on understanding the client's concerns, while diagnosis labels the concerns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of counseling psychology?

    <p>Personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who provides counseling services? Select all that apply.

    <p>Marriage and family counselor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Counselors help clients set goals and offer guidance. (True/False)

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does MA stand for in the context of a Mental Health Counselor? (Licensed clinical practitioner with an MA, MS, MSW)

    <p>Master of Arts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the counseling profession with the corresponding degree: Licensed Psychologist

    <p>A = PhD B = PsyD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three primary roles of counseling psychology?

    <p>Remedial, Preventative, and Educative-Developmental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the focus of remedial counseling?

    <p>Resolving existing problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the FOURTH part of the therapeutic process?

    <p>Counseling/Therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the difference between a conceptualization and a diagnosis.

    <p>Conceptualization: counselor’s clinical understanding/hypothesis about client; diagnosis: a label from the DSM based on symptom criteria; conceptualization can include the potential diagnosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT part of Sue’s (2006) three counseling processes for culturally competent practice?

    <p>Diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between cultural transference and cultural countertransference? Provide examples.

    <p>Cultural transference is when a client reacts to the counselor's cultural characteristics. Cultural countertransference is when the counselor reacts to the client's cultural characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ethical issue is at play in the scenario involving Robert and his client who discloses her intention to terminate her pregnancy?

    <p>Conflicting beliefs/values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Avery, who overcompensates with gifts and gestures towards their children due to lack of bonding, is displaying which defense mechanism according to psychodynamic theory?

    <p>Reaction Formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does psychodynamic therapy aim to bring about change in individuals?

    <p>By restructuring personality, developing new insights, and identifying/correcting old behavior patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main types of ethical codes discussed?

    <p>Mandatory Ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define Ethics.

    <p>Ethics are moral principles that govern a person's or group's behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Informed Consent is a key component in human relations in psychology.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Competence in psychology involves providing services with reasonable ____________ and safety.

    <p>skill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following ethical principles with their descriptions:

    <p>Beneficence and Nonmaleficence = Striving to benefit those you work with and do no harm Integrity = Seeking to promote accuracy, honesty, and truthfulness Justice = Ensuring equal treatment for all clients Respect for People's Rights and Dignity = Respecting the dignity and worth of all individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the underlying principles of behavioral therapy?

    <p>Behavior is the product of learning. Behavior can be unlearned and relearned.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of conditioning involves pairing a specific stimulus with a response to learn specific responses?

    <p>Classical conditioning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Behavioral therapy focuses on ________________ behaviors by identifying factors that influence behavior.

    <p>eliminating problematic or maladaptive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Feminist therapy is grounded in multicultural feminist scholarship.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following elements of feminist therapy:

    <p>The personal is political = Therapist-client explores personal issues in the context of societal and political influences Egalitarian therapeutic relationship = Establishing a collaborative and equal partnership between therapist and client</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to psychodynamic theory, why do problems develop?

    <p>Problems develop due to incongruence - the gap between ideal self and actual self, which arises when people live by others' expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to psychodynamic theory, how does change occur?

    <p>Change occurs by breaking cyclical maladaptive patterns through insight and corrective experiences provided by the therapist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be an example of the defense mechanism of burning off steam through a workout?

    <p>Sublimation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe the function of the superego.

    <p>The superego acts as the moral conscience, enforcing moral standards and values learned from parents and society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do problems develop in person-centered therapy?

    <p>Problems develop due to incongruence, the gap between the ideal self and the actual self when people live by others' expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Carl Rogers, what best describes the view of human nature?

    <p>Growth-oriented</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Describe how the roles of the therapist and client differ between person-centered therapy and psychodynamic therapies.

    <p>In person-centered therapy, the therapist acts as a role model and provides conditions for self-discovery, while the client takes the lead in the change process. In psychodynamic therapy, the therapist is more active in interpretation and insight, while the client gains insight through therapy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Course Introduction

    • Introduction to PSY 3511, Counseling Psychology
    • Instructor: Victoria Wee (she/her)
    • Office hours: By appointment (Zoom)
    • Education: Northwestern University (BA), University of Minnesota - Twin Cities
    • Research Interests: Racial/ethnic minority mental health, mental health service utilization/access
    • Clinical Training: Various institutions, including UMN Student Counseling Services (SCS)

    Teaching Assistants

    Important Notes

    • Instructor will be out of town between June 6-9 and may respond to emails later than usual
    • Please contact TAs for extensions during this period if needed

    Email Policy

    • Email (not Canvas inbox) is the best way to contact the instructor and TAs
    • Response time: within 48 business hours
    • Include "PSY 3511" in the subject line
    • Direct content-related questions to the instructor and grading-related questions to the TAs

    Office Hours

    • Questions, concerns, and thoughts about the class and content
    • Specific help, goal setting, and feedback sessions
    • Career, grad school, and life advice
    • 1 extra credit point for first-time visitors

    Coffee Hour

    • Informal drop-in space
    • Meet classmates, ask questions, and practice skills
    • Review before exams and discuss graduate school
    • Virtual sessions available

    Goals of the Course

    • Establish a greater understanding of the counseling profession
    • Develop an appreciation for diversity within the profession

    Participation Guidelines

    • Honor confidentiality
    • Respect diversity
    • Be open-minded
    • Honor the right to pass
    • Be willing to participate

    Syllabus and Canvas

    • Subject to change, and the instructor will notify students of any changes
    • Review the syllabus and Canvas carefully
    • Submit questions to ChimeIn

    ChimeIn Check-Ins

    • Optional and not graded
    • Anonymous check-ins (mental health, course feedback, etc.)
    • Include name for direct responses

    Lectures

    • Uploaded by Monday morning each week
    • PDF slides and videos posted
    • Variety of activities and options
    • One graded activity: "Class Participation (Lecture #)"
    • Volunteer peer note taker?

    Class Participation Activity

    • One per lecture, graded for effort, not correctness
    • Submit on Canvas
    • Due by Sunday at 11:59 pm, with 24-hour grace period
    • Can drop 3

    Readings

    • No textbook this semester
    • Readings on Canvas to enhance knowledge and provide background information
    • Not covered in exams

    Application Assignments

    • 2 per week, excluding exam weeks
    • May require responding to a peer for full credit
    • Due on Sunday at 11:59 pm CST, with 24-hour grace period
    • Intended to help learn skills used by counseling psychologists
    • Plan ahead, and can drop 2

    Exams

    • 2 exams, non-cumulative, open-note
    • Only covers lecture material, not readings
    • Take on Canvas, timed at 75 minutes
    • Opens Monday at 8 am, closes Sunday at 11:59 pm, no grace period
    • Multiple-choice, fill-in-the-blank, and short-answer questions
    • Can drop 1

    Extra Credit

    • Up to 4% of extra credit available
    • Participate in REP extra credit (max 8 points)
    • Other options available for those who do not qualify for REP studies
    • First opportunity: beginning of semester survey

    Tips for Succeeding in the Class

    • Stay on top of the weekly schedule
    • Review often and for short periods
    • Ask when you don't understand something
    • Be mentally present while watching lectures

    Keep in Mind

    • Check school email regularly and enable Canvas announcements
    • Instructor is usually flexible with extensions for assignments
    • The University takes Scholastic Honesty seriously
    • If English is not your primary language, please see the instructor with concerns
    • If you have a DRC accommodations letter, please contact the instructor ASAP### Core Values and History of Mental Health Movement
    • Clifford Beers (1876-1943):
      • Fought for moral and humane treatment of the mentally ill in large, state-supported asylums
      • Wrote a book about his experiences in an insensitive mental health system, which became a best-seller and persuaded public officials to undertake reforms
      • Inspired the “mental hygiene” movement
    • National Mental Health Act (1946): Provided funds for NIMH
    • National Institute of Mental Health (1949): Established mental health as a federal initiative
    • Mental Retardation Facilities and Community Health Centers Construction Act (1963): Established community centers for mental health
    • National Alliance for Mentally Ill (1979): Advocated for research, greater support, and broader public awareness

    Vocational Guidance Movement

    • 1900: Professionals began to acknowledge the importance of helping people find careers that fit their skills
    • 1909: Frank Parsons wrote the book "Choosing a Vocation", outlining the first theory of career counseling
    • Parsons' Model of Career Counseling involves matching knowledge of self with knowledge of work

    World War I and II

    • During WWI, psychologists employed testing and placement practices for military personnel
    • After WWII, psychologists had to meet the needs of returning veterans and assist with their adjustment

    Counseling Skills

    • Active listening responses:
      • Questioning
      • Paraphrasing
      • Reflection of feeling
      • Summarizing
    • Attending behaviors: S.H.O.V.E.L.E.R.
    • Basic counseling skills: empathy, confronting, interpreting, self-disclosure, immediacy
    • Advanced empathy: naming emotional content "right under the surface" that the client may not be acknowledging
    • Confrontation: noticing and commenting on inconsistencies in the client's presentation
    • Interpretation: conveying the therapist's explanation or conceptualization of the client's concerns
    • Self-disclosure: sharing information about the therapist to aid the client
    • Immediacy: describing something as it occurs in the session

    Counseling Process

    • Five phases of the counseling process:
      1. Initial contact
      2. Intake and assessment
      3. Goal setting
      4. Intervention
      5. Termination
    • Goals of an intake interview:
      • Gather information about the client's concerns and reasons for seeking counseling
      • Establish rapport and build trust
      • Identify goals and expectations for counseling
    • Key information to gather from the client:
      • Presenting concerns and symptoms
      • Personal and family history
      • Social and cultural background
      • Previous counseling experiences
    • Conceptualization: the therapist's explanation or understanding of the client's concerns and how they will be addressed in therapy### The Counseling Process
    • The counseling process involves five phases: intake, conceptualization, treatment planning, counseling/therapy, and termination/referral.
    • Each phase has specific goals and objectives.

    Phase 1: Intake

    • The initial meeting between the counselor and client has three main goals:
      • Explain the parameters of counseling, including informed consent, confidentiality, and payment policies.
      • Build rapport and establish the relationship.
      • Gather information about the client.

    Intake Information

    • The counselor should gather information about the client's:
      • Presenting concerns
      • Mental health history
      • Family of origin
      • Work and educational history
      • Living situation
      • Strengths and coping skills

    Phase 2: Conceptualization

    • Conceptualization involves forming a hypothesis about why the client is experiencing difficulties.
    • It helps the counselor to organize and understand the client's complexities.

    Phase 3: Treatment Planning

    • The counselor develops a framework for the client's treatment, including:
      • Presenting problem
      • Goals of therapy
      • Methods
      • Time estimate

    Phase 4: Counseling/Therapy

    • The counselor and client work together to achieve the goals set forth in the treatment plan.
    • Counseling can take many forms, depending on the client, counselor, and goals.

    Phase 5: Termination/Referral

    • The counselor and client review progress, say goodbye, and address any issues related to termination.
    • Reasons for termination include:
      • Completion of therapeutic goals
      • Enough therapeutic progress
      • Client decision
      • Therapist leaving
      • Referral to a different level of care

    Diversity and Cultural Competence

    • Cultural competence involves understanding the worldview of the "culturally different" and developing skills to work with diverse clients.
    • Cultural humility is a lifelong process of self-reflection and self-critique.

    ADDRESSING Model

    • The ADDRESSING model considers factors such as:
      • Age and generational influences
      • Developmental disabilities
      • Religion and spiritual orientation
      • Ethnic and racial identity
      • Socioeconomic status
      • Sexual orientation
      • Indigenous heritage
      • National origin
      • Gender identity

    Racism and Mental Health

    • Racism is a system of oppression that privileges the dominant racial group.
    • Racism affects mental health outcomes and is a chronic stressor.

    Cultural Competence in Practice

    • Cultural competence involves:
      • Cultural awareness
      • Cultural skills
      • Cultural knowledge
    • Asking about the client's cultural background and experiences.

    Ethical Principles

    • Aspirational ethical principles include:
      • Beneficence and nonmaleficence
      • Fidelity and responsibility
      • Justice
      • Integrity
      • Respect for people's rights and dignity
    • Mandatory ethical standards include:
      • Resolving ethical issues
      • Competence
      • Human relations
      • Privacy and confidentiality
      • Advertising and other public statements
      • Record keeping
      • Education and training
      • Research and publication
      • Assessment
      • Therapy

    Competence

    • Competence involves the ability to provide services within the practice of psychology.
    • Limitations to competence include:
      • Lack of knowledge or experience
      • Impaired objectivity
      • Distress or burnout
      • Dysfunctional motivations

    Human Relations

    • Psychologists should:
      • Embrace informed consent
      • Communicate and collaborate with clients
      • Refrain from harassment, discrimination, and multiple relationships
      • Avoid conflicts of interest

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    Description

    Explore the basics of Counseling Psychology, including its core values, history, and process. This quiz covers the introductory topics of PSY 3511 course.

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