Guidance and Counseling Course

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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of Guidance and Counseling in schools?

To discipline students

To promote the development of students (correct)

To select students for higher education

To provide information to students

What is the historical development of Guidance and Counseling in?

Developed countries (correct)

Asia

Developing countries

Africa

What is the focus of the Psychoanalytic theory of counseling?

Behavioral change

Environmental factors

Unconscious mind (correct)

Social learning

What is the purpose of Orientation in Guidance and Counseling Services?

To provide information to students Signup and view all the answers

What is the Crisis approach to Guidance and Counseling?

Focuses on solving immediate problems Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of an effective counselor?

They have good communication skills Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a teacher counselor?

To support students' development Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the Humanistic theory of counseling?

Focuses on personal growth and development Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the Guidance and Counseling unit started in the Ministry of Education?

1971 Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason for the conference in 1967?

To select school leavers for public and private jobs Signup and view all the answers

What was the third responsibility of the Guidance and Counseling unit?

To give vocational guidance and counseling Signup and view all the answers

What was instructed to all heads of secondary schools in 1984?

To start Guidance and Counseling units/departments Signup and view all the answers

Who were to constitute the guidance and counseling committee?

6-8 interested members of staff Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the functions of the guidance and counseling committee?

To make recommendations to the administration Signup and view all the answers

What was the pace of implementation of the Guidance programme in Kenyan schools?

Slow Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Guidance and Counseling unit according to the content?

To help in planning suitable programs to prepare youth for man-power needs in Kenya Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the goals of traditional Guidance and Counseling?

To prepare for initiation and marriage Signup and view all the answers

Who were the agents of traditional Guidance and Counseling?

Members of extended family, elders, and authority figures Signup and view all the answers

What method was used in traditional Guidance and Counseling?

Oral explanation like story telling Signup and view all the answers

What was a key difference between traditional and modern Guidance and Counseling practitioners?

Traditional practitioners knew when to invite people for guidance Signup and view all the answers

What skill did traditional practitioners use effectively?

Use of local language Signup and view all the answers

What was an advantage of traditional practitioners in non-verbal communication?

They came from the same cultural background with the client Signup and view all the answers

What was a characteristic of traditional Guidance and Counseling?

It was an informal, community-based process Signup and view all the answers

What was a key aspect of traditional Guidance and Counseling?

Focus on cultural background and community Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of educational guidance?

Guiding students on choice of subjects/courses based on their interests and abilities Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of vocational guidance?

To assist individuals in choosing careers that align with their talents and interests Signup and view all the answers

What is personal/psychological counseling focused on?

Addressing personal problems that affect academic achievement Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of orientation or adaptive services?

To help students adjust to new environments Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the negative effects of personal problems on academic achievement?

Detrimental to academic achievement Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to address personal problems in students?

To address problems that hinder academic achievement Signup and view all the answers

What is the ultimate goal of guidance and counseling services?

To enable individuals to participate in occupations of economic and social value Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to provide guidance and counseling services to students?

To address problems that hinder academic achievement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the exploration stage in counseling?

To help the client articulate their concerns and clarify problems Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the counselor's role in the exploration stage?

To help the client focus on themselves and their concerns Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the exploration stage in counseling?

A clear definition of the client's problem Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary skill required of the counselor in the exploration stage?

Attending skills Signup and view all the answers

What is the main question asked in the exploration stage?

What is the presenting problem? Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of the exploration stage in counseling?

It helps the client identify and clarify their problems Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the action stage in counseling?

A plan to change the client's behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of counseling according to Fuster (1998)?

To change the client's behavior Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Guidance and Counseling Department

Definition of Guidance and Counseling: Dichotomy of Guidance and Counseling, Importance and goals of Guidance and Counseling in schools.

Foundations of Guidance and Counseling

Historical development in developed countries, Kenyan guidance and counseling traditional and contemporary.
Development of Guidance and Counseling in schools.

Theories of Counseling

Psychoanalytic, Behavioral, Humanistic

Guidance and Counseling Services in Schools

Orientation, informational appraisal, planning, and placement, counseling.

Approaches to Guidance and Counseling

Crisis approach, Remedial preventive approach, Developmental approach.
Characteristics of an effective counselor.

The Guidance Counselor

Counseling ethics, Roles of a teacher counselor.

History of Guidance and Counseling in Kenya

Started in 1971 in the Ministry of Education after a conference in 1967 on careers.
The unit was charged with 3 responsibilities: educational guidance, personal/psychological counseling, and vocational guidance.

Implementation of Guidance Programme in Kenyan Schools

Circular sent to all heads of secondary schools in 1984 to start Guidance and Counseling units/departments.
Goals of traditional Guidance and Counseling: educating children on acceptable behavior, relating with others, preparing for initiation, marriage, and adult life.

Traditional Guidance and Counseling

Agents: parents and members of extended family, elders, peer group members, those in authority.
Methods: oral explanation, proverbs/riddles, songs, and dances during festivals or rituals, visits to grandparents, uncles, aunts, medicine men, etc.

Comparison of Traditional and Modern Guidance and Counseling

Skills used by traditional practitioners: invitation, knowledge of culture, use of local language, non-verbal communication.
Modern Guidance and Counseling: complex society, foreign language, hindering clear communication.

Components of Guidance and Counseling

Educational Guidance: help given to students on choice of subjects/courses based on their interests and abilities.
Vocational Guidance: enables individuals to comprehend the world of work, students are assisted in choosing careers in line with their talents, interests, and training.
Personal/Psychological Counseling: assistance given to individuals showing personality maladjustment.

Services Offered in Guidance and Counseling

Orientation or adaptive services: help students to adjust better in any new environment.
Exploration: helping clients articulate their concerns, searching oneself or looking within oneself to search for hidden motives, thoughts, or feelings.
Action: counseling plan on how to deal with the new insight gained from exploration and self-understanding.

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Description

A course outline covering the introduction to guidance and counseling, its importance, goals, and foundations. Topics include definition of terms, dichotomy of guidance, and historical foundations.