Protozoa Overview and Characteristics

<p>Using a licensed vaccine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metronidazole (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appendicitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trophozoite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They have a distinct ectoplasm and endoplasm. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It does not attack the mucosa and is considered non-pathogenic. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>E.coli cysts have a larger size and can have 4-8 nuclei. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It exclusively lives in the mouth and does not invade tissues. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oral to oral contact. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Endocytotic vacuoles containing waste. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pseudopodia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trophozoite stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unicellular eukaryotic with no cell walls (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Meiotic reproduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During harsh or unfavorable conditions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ectoplasm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greek for 'change' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Phagocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trophozoite (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pseudopodia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Entamoeba histolytica (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dormancy and resistance to environmental stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acanthamoeba species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tropical and subtropical countries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Binary fission (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Naegleria fowleri (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trophozoites (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fecal-oral route (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bloody diarrhea with mucus and pus cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are disintegrated by gastric juice. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Large intestine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They can serve as an infective form. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Symptoms can appear after one to four weeks. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amoebic ulcers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fulminant colitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Liquid stool (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Palpable abdominal mass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Direct microscopic examination of stool (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Concentration procedures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Acute right lower abdominal pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Indirect hemagglutination (IHA) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Weight loss (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Unicellular eukaryotic microorganisms with no cell walls.

A single-celled organism that can change its shape.

Cytoplasmic extensions used for movement and feeding in amoebas.

Asexual reproduction where a single cell splits into two identical cells.

Active, growing stage of amoebas that reproduces by binary fission.

A resistant form of amoeba that survives unfavorable conditions.

Outer layer of cytoplasm in amoebas, involved in shape change.

Inner layer of cytoplasm in amoebas, contains organelles.

A protozoan that causes intestinal amebiasis and extra-intestinal infections.

Bacteria like Shigella, E.coli, Salmonella, causing intestinal diseases.

Avoiding contaminated food/water and treating asymptomatic carriers.

Metronidazole is the primary medication for intestinal amebiasis.

A common non-pathogenic amoeba found in humans.

Includes trophozoite and cyst stages.

Symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and weight loss.

Mature cysts have 8 nuclei and splinter-like bodies.

The active, feeding stage of E. histolytica after ingestion.

Infective stage of E. histolytica, resistant in environment.

Ways E. histolytica enters the body, mainly through food or water.

Process including ingestion of cysts and transformation into trophozoites.

Infection characterized by ulcerative lesions and dysentery symptoms.

Severe form of intestinal amoebiasis with bloody diarrhea.

Properties of trophozoites that enable them to invade and cause damage.

Infection that spreads beyond the intestine, e.g., liver abscess.

A condition presenting with acute right lower abdominal pain due to amoebic infection.

A severe intestinal condition with intense pain, rectal urgency, and multiple daily motions.

An infection leading to fever, weight loss, and potential abscesses in the liver or other organs.

Analysis of stool to find cysts or trophozoites in diagnosing intestinal amoebiasis.

Tests like ELISA to detect amoebic antigens in stool samples.

Blood tests to identify amoebic antigens and antibodies for diagnosis.

Advanced techniques like PCR used to detect Entamoeba histolytica genetic material.

A parasite residing in human mouths; observed only in the trophozoite stage without cysts.

E. coli trophozoite may contain RBCs and glycogen but these are not clearly visible.

Transmission occurs solely through oral contact; no cysts are formed.

The dormant, resistant stage of protozoa, often infectious.

Amoebae that can cause disease, like E. histolytica.

Amoebae that do not cause disease, like E. dispar.

Protozoa that move by pseudopodia and reproduce via binary fission.

Amoebae that exist outside hosts and may be opportunistic pathogens.