Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following are the protist supergroups?
Which of the following are the protist supergroups?
Which of the following are the subgroups of Excavata? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are the subgroups of Excavata? (Select all that apply)
What are the subgroups of the SAR Clade?
What are the subgroups of the SAR Clade?
Which of these are subgroups of Archaeplastida?
Which of these are subgroups of Archaeplastida?
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What are one of the characteristics of Excavata?
What are one of the characteristics of Excavata?
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What are key characteristics of Diplomonads?
What are key characteristics of Diplomonads?
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Give an example of a Diplomonad.
Give an example of a Diplomonad.
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What characterizes Parabasalids?
What characterizes Parabasalids?
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What are key features of Euglenozoans?
What are key features of Euglenozoans?
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What are subdivisions of Euglenozoans?
What are subdivisions of Euglenozoans?
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Give an example of a Kinetoplastid.
Give an example of a Kinetoplastid.
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Name an example of a Euglenid.
Name an example of a Euglenid.
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What is a characteristic of Brown Algae?
What is a characteristic of Brown Algae?
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What is a key feature of Dinoflagellates?
What is a key feature of Dinoflagellates?
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What are the key features of Ciliates?
What are the key features of Ciliates?
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Provide an example of a Ciliate.
Provide an example of a Ciliate.
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What are the key features of Rhizarians?
What are the key features of Rhizarians?
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What are key features of Red Algae (Rhodophytes)?
What are key features of Red Algae (Rhodophytes)?
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What are key features of Green Algae?
What are key features of Green Algae?
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What are subdivisions of Green Algae?
What are subdivisions of Green Algae?
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What are key features of Amoebozoans?
What are key features of Amoebozoans?
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What are the subdivisions of Amoebozoans?
What are the subdivisions of Amoebozoans?
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What is a key feature of Slime Molds?
What is a key feature of Slime Molds?
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Provide an example of Slime Molds.
Provide an example of Slime Molds.
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What are key features of Forams?
What are key features of Forams?
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What are key features of Cercozoans?
What are key features of Cercozoans?
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What are the subdivisions of Opisthokonts?
What are the subdivisions of Opisthokonts?
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Study Notes
Protist Supergroups
- Four main supergroups: Excavata, SAR Clade, Unikonta, Archaeplastida
Excavata Subgroups
- Three subgroups include Diplomonds, Parabasalids, Euglenozoans
SAR Clade Subgroups
- Comprises Stramenophiles, Alveolates, and Rhizarians
Archaeplastida Subgroups
- Consists of Red Algae (Rhodophytes), Green Algae, and Land Plants
Characteristics of Excavata
- Notable for reduced mitochondria or flagella
Diplomonads Key Characteristics
- Possess reduced mitochondria (lacking electron transport chain) and two equal-sized nuclei
Diplomonad Example
- Giardia intestinalis, known to cause Giardiasis
Characteristics of Parabasalids
- Features reduced mitochondria that generate hydrogen gas via hydrogenosomes
Characteristics of Euglenozoans
- Identified by reduced flagella
Subdivision of Euglenozoans
- Includes Kinetoplastids and Euglenids
Kinetoplastid Example
- Trypanosoma, the causative agent of African sleeping sickness
Euglenid Example
- Euglena, a well-known genus
Parabasalid Example
- Trichomonas vaginalis, an STD that can transfer from mother to child
Stramenophiles Key Features
- Characterized by flagella with hairlike projections
Alveolates Key Features
- Feature membrane-enclosed sacs, known as alveoli, beneath the plasma membrane
Rhizarians Key Features
- Possess threadlike pseudopodia; primarily amoebas
Subdivisions of Stramenophiles
- Includes Diatoms, Golden Algae, and Brown Algae
Subdivisions of Alveolates
- Consists of Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexans, and Ciliates
Subdivisions of Rhizarians
- Contains Radiolarians, Forams, and Cercozoans
Key Features of Diatoms
- Have silica walls and play a role in pumping CO2 to the ocean floor
Key Features of Brown Algae
- The largest and most complex algae, exhibiting plant-like characteristics
Key Features of Dinoflagellates
- Components of phytoplankton; known for causing "red tide" events
Key Features of Apicomplexans
- Typically parasites with complex life cycles requiring two hosts
Example of Plasmodium
- Causes Malaria, transmitted by mosquitoes
Key Features of Ciliates
- Possess cilia, two types of nuclei (micronucleus & macronucleus), capable of conjugation
Example of Ciliates
- Paramecium, a common ciliate
Key Features of Radiolarians
- Have pseudopodia that radiate from a central body
Key Features of Forams
- Feature porous shells called tests, with pseudopodia extending through the pores
Key Features of Cercozoans
- Heterotrophs utilizing pseudopodia for feeding
Key Features of Red Algae (Rhodophytes)
- Most abundant large algae found in warm coastal waters
Key Features of Green Algae
- Closely related to terrestrial plants
Subdivisions of Green Algae
- Includes Chlorophytes and Charophytes
Key Features of Amoebozoans
- Have lobe- or tube-shaped pseudopodia
Pseudopodia
- Defined as a false foot or extension used for movement and feeding
Subdivisions of Amoebozoans
- Comprises Slime molds, Tubulinds, and Entamoebas
Key Features of Slime Molds
- Also known as Mycetozoans, they produce fruiting bodies for spore dispersal
Example of Slime Molds
- Plasmodial slime molds form a plasmodial mass; Cellular slime molds operate individually when food is available but combine when scarce
Example of Tubulinds
- Includes Amoeba proteus, a common tubulin
Key Features of Entamoebas
- Notable for being pathogenic parasites
Example of Entamoebas
- Entamoeba histolytica, linked to amoebic dysentery
Subdivisions of Opisthokonts
- Consists of Nuclearliids, Choanoflagellates, Fungi, and Animals
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Description
Test your knowledge on the different supergroups and subgroups of protists. This quiz covers key classifications such as Excavata, SAR Clade, Unikonta, and Archaeplastida, along with their respective subcategories. Perfect for biology students looking to deepen their understanding of protist diversity.
