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Questions and Answers
What are the elements that make up amino acids?
What are the elements that make up amino acids?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N), and Sulfur (S)
What makes glycine different from other amino acids in terms of its R group?
What makes glycine different from other amino acids in terms of its R group?
In glycine, the R group is a hydrogen atom (H).
Define an amphoteric molecule and explain why amino acids are considered amphoteric.
Define an amphoteric molecule and explain why amino acids are considered amphoteric.
An amphoteric molecule can act as both an acid and a base. Amino acids are considered amphoteric because they contain both an amino group (basic) and a carboxyl group (acidic).
Describe the general structure of an amino acid molecule.
Describe the general structure of an amino acid molecule.
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What occurs during the formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids?
What occurs during the formation of a peptide bond between two amino acids?
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In a peptide bond formation, which parts of the amino acids combine to remove a water molecule?
In a peptide bond formation, which parts of the amino acids combine to remove a water molecule?
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What role does the R group play in distinguishing different amino acids?
What role does the R group play in distinguishing different amino acids?
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Why is glycine an exception in the structure of amino acids?
Why is glycine an exception in the structure of amino acids?
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Explain the term 'asymmetric carbon atom' in the context of amino acids.
Explain the term 'asymmetric carbon atom' in the context of amino acids.
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What functional groups make up the backbone of an amino acid?
What functional groups make up the backbone of an amino acid?
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What is the result of the condensation reaction between two amino acids?
What is the result of the condensation reaction between two amino acids?
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What is meant by the amphoteric nature of amino acids?
What is meant by the amphoteric nature of amino acids?
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Study Notes
Proteins
- Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids.
- The elemental composition of amino acids includes C, H, O, N, and S.
Structure of Amino Acids
- Amino acids have an asymmetric carbon atom at their center, except for glycine.
- Each amino acid consists of an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable R group.
- The R group, also known as the side chain, is unique to each amino acid.
- The R group is replaced by an H atom in glycine.
Properties of Amino Acids
- Amino acids can have one or more carboxyl and amino groups.
- Amino groups have an alkaline nature, while carboxyl groups have an acidic nature.
- Amino acids are amphoteric molecules, meaning they possess both alkaline and acidic properties.
Formation of Peptide Bond
- Two amino acids undergo a condensation reaction, resulting in a peptide bond.
- The reaction involves the removal of a water molecule, formed by the OH from one amino acid and H from the other amino acid.
Proteins
- Proteins are composed of 20 different amino acids.
- The elemental composition of amino acids includes C, H, O, N, and S.
Structure of Amino Acids
- Amino acids have an asymmetric carbon atom at their center, except for glycine.
- Each amino acid consists of an amino group, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a variable R group.
- The R group, also known as the side chain, is unique to each amino acid.
- The R group is replaced by an H atom in glycine.
Properties of Amino Acids
- Amino acids can have one or more carboxyl and amino groups.
- Amino groups have an alkaline nature, while carboxyl groups have an acidic nature.
- Amino acids are amphoteric molecules, meaning they possess both alkaline and acidic properties.
Formation of Peptide Bond
- Two amino acids undergo a condensation reaction, resulting in a peptide bond.
- The reaction involves the removal of a water molecule, formed by the OH from one amino acid and H from the other amino acid.
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Description
This quiz covers the structure and composition of proteins, including the role of amino acids and their elemental composition.
