Proteins: Introduction and Classification
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Questions and Answers

What elemental composition is found in proteins?

  • 6–7% hydrogen, 50–55% carbon, 20–23% oxygen, 12–19% nitrogen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur.
  • 20–23% nitrogen, 6–7% carbon, 12–19% hydrogen, 50–55% oxygen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur.
  • 12–19% carbon, 6–7% hydrogen, 20–23% nitrogen, 50–55% oxygen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur.
  • 50–55% nitrogen, 6–7% hydrogen, 20–23% oxygen, 12–19% carbon, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur. (correct)

    • Where does protein synthesis occur?

  • Mitochondria
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosomes (correct)

    • What are proteins that are not enzymatically modified in cells known as?

  • Prosthetic groups
  • Homoproteins (correct)
  • Heteroproteins
  • Conjugated proteins

    • Which type of proteins are modified or complexed with non-protein components?

    <p>Conjugated proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do glyco- and phosphoproteins contain?

    <p>Covalently linked carbohydrate and phosphate groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins contain metal ions as non-protein components?

    <p>Metalloproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structural organization of proteins results from the folding of the polypeptide chain(s) on itself?

    <p>Globular proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of fibrous proteins like collagen and keratin?

    <p>Structural proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins invariably function as structural proteins due to the linear aggregation of small globular proteins?

    <p>Actin and fibrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of transfer proteins like serum albumin and transferrin?

    <p>Transfer proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins mainly function as storage proteins found in eggs and plant seeds?

    <p>Egg albumen and seed proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key determinant of the structural and functional differences among thousands of proteins?

    <p>The sequence of amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main criteria for defining food proteins?

    <p>Easily digestible, non-toxic, nutritionally adequate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Due to the burgeoning world population, what is needed to be developed to meet the future demand for protein sources?

    <p>Nontraditional sources of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the suitability of new protein sources for use in foods depend on?

    <p>Their cost and their ability to fulfill the normal role of protein ingredients in processed and home-cooked foods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins exist in spherical or ellipsoidal shapes due to the folding of the polypeptide chain(s)?

    <p>Globular proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of fibrous proteins like collagen and keratin?

    <p>Structural proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main criteria for defining food proteins?

    <p>Easily digestible, nontoxic, nutritionally adequate, and functionally useable in food products</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of transfer proteins like serum albumin and transferrin?

    <p>Transfer nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the structural and functional differences among thousands of proteins?

    <p>The way the amino acids are linked together via amide bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins invariably function as structural proteins due to the linear aggregation of small globular proteins?

    <p>Fibrous proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the elemental composition of proteins?

    <p>50–55% carbon, 6–7% hydrogen, 20–23% oxygen, 12–19% nitrogen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the synthesis of proteins occur?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are proteins that are not enzymatically modified in cells known as?

    <p>Homoproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of proteins contain covalently linked carbohydrate and phosphate groups?

    <p>Glycoproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which proteins contain metal ions as non-protein components?

    <p>Metalloproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lipoproteins?

    <p>To transport lipids and fat-soluble vitamins in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about the elemental composition of proteins?

    <p>Proteins contain 50–55% carbon, 6–7% hydrogen, 20–23% oxygen, 12–19% nitrogen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which organelle does the synthesis of proteins occur?

    <p>Ribosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of metalloproteins?

    <p>Oxygen transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins contain covalently linked carbohydrate and phosphate groups?

    <p>Glycoproteins and phosphoproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are proteins that are modified or complexed with non-protein components known as?

    <p>Conjugated proteins or heteroproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What changes the elemental composition of some proteins after their synthesis?

    <p>Cytoplasmic enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes fibrous proteins?

    <p>Contain twisted linear polypeptide chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of transfer proteins like serum albumin and transferrin?

    <p>Transport of metal ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the structural and functional differences among thousands of proteins?

    <p>The sequence of amino acids linked together via amide bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of proteins invariably function as structural proteins due to the linear aggregation of small globular proteins?

    <p>Fibrous proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main criteria for defining food proteins?

    <p>Nutritionally adequate and easily digestible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structural organization of proteins results from the folding of the polypeptide chain(s) on itself?

    <p>Globular proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of fibrous proteins like collagen and keratin?

    <p>Function as structural proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is needed to be developed to meet the future demand for protein sources due to the burgeoning world population?

    <p>Nontraditional protein sources for human nutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

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