Proteins: Introduction and Classification
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Questions and Answers

What elemental composition is found in proteins?

  • 6–7% hydrogen, 50–55% carbon, 20–23% oxygen, 12–19% nitrogen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur.
  • 20–23% nitrogen, 6–7% carbon, 12–19% hydrogen, 50–55% oxygen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur.
  • 12–19% carbon, 6–7% hydrogen, 20–23% nitrogen, 50–55% oxygen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur.
  • 50–55% nitrogen, 6–7% hydrogen, 20–23% oxygen, 12–19% carbon, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur. (correct)

Where does protein synthesis occur?

  • Mitochondria
  • Endoplasmic reticulum
  • Nucleus
  • Ribosomes (correct)

What are proteins that are not enzymatically modified in cells known as?

  • Prosthetic groups
  • Homoproteins (correct)
  • Heteroproteins
  • Conjugated proteins

Which type of proteins are modified or complexed with non-protein components?

<p>Conjugated proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do glyco- and phosphoproteins contain?

<p>Covalently linked carbohydrate and phosphate groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins contain metal ions as non-protein components?

<p>Metalloproteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural organization of proteins results from the folding of the polypeptide chain(s) on itself?

<p>Globular proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of fibrous proteins like collagen and keratin?

<p>Structural proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins invariably function as structural proteins due to the linear aggregation of small globular proteins?

<p>Actin and fibrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of transfer proteins like serum albumin and transferrin?

<p>Transfer proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins mainly function as storage proteins found in eggs and plant seeds?

<p>Egg albumen and seed proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key determinant of the structural and functional differences among thousands of proteins?

<p>The sequence of amino acids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main criteria for defining food proteins?

<p>Easily digestible, non-toxic, nutritionally adequate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Due to the burgeoning world population, what is needed to be developed to meet the future demand for protein sources?

<p>Nontraditional sources of proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suitability of new protein sources for use in foods depend on?

<p>Their cost and their ability to fulfill the normal role of protein ingredients in processed and home-cooked foods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins exist in spherical or ellipsoidal shapes due to the folding of the polypeptide chain(s)?

<p>Globular proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of fibrous proteins like collagen and keratin?

<p>Structural proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main criteria for defining food proteins?

<p>Easily digestible, nontoxic, nutritionally adequate, and functionally useable in food products (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of transfer proteins like serum albumin and transferrin?

<p>Transfer nutrients (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the structural and functional differences among thousands of proteins?

<p>The way the amino acids are linked together via amide bonds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins invariably function as structural proteins due to the linear aggregation of small globular proteins?

<p>Fibrous proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the elemental composition of proteins?

<p>50–55% carbon, 6–7% hydrogen, 20–23% oxygen, 12–19% nitrogen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the synthesis of proteins occur?

<p>Ribosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are proteins that are not enzymatically modified in cells known as?

<p>Homoproteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of proteins contain covalently linked carbohydrate and phosphate groups?

<p>Glycoproteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which proteins contain metal ions as non-protein components?

<p>Metalloproteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lipoproteins?

<p>To transport lipids and fat-soluble vitamins in the blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the elemental composition of proteins?

<p>Proteins contain 50–55% carbon, 6–7% hydrogen, 20–23% oxygen, 12–19% nitrogen, and 0.2–3.0% sulfur. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which organelle does the synthesis of proteins occur?

<p>Ribosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of metalloproteins?

<p>Oxygen transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins contain covalently linked carbohydrate and phosphate groups?

<p>Glycoproteins and phosphoproteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are proteins that are modified or complexed with non-protein components known as?

<p>Conjugated proteins or heteroproteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What changes the elemental composition of some proteins after their synthesis?

<p>Cytoplasmic enzymes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes fibrous proteins?

<p>Contain twisted linear polypeptide chains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of transfer proteins like serum albumin and transferrin?

<p>Transport of metal ions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the structural and functional differences among thousands of proteins?

<p>The sequence of amino acids linked together via amide bonds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of proteins invariably function as structural proteins due to the linear aggregation of small globular proteins?

<p>Fibrous proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main criteria for defining food proteins?

<p>Nutritionally adequate and easily digestible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural organization of proteins results from the folding of the polypeptide chain(s) on itself?

<p>Globular proteins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of fibrous proteins like collagen and keratin?

<p>Function as structural proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is needed to be developed to meet the future demand for protein sources due to the burgeoning world population?

<p>Nontraditional protein sources for human nutrition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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