10 Questions
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
mRNA is transcribed from a DNA template and carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome for translation.
How are amino acids attached to tRNA during translation?
Each amino acid attaches to its proper tRNA with the help of a specific enzyme and ATP.
What is the role of the anticodon in tRNA?
The anticodon on tRNA pairs with the complementary codon on mRNA during translation.
Describe the process of initiation in polypeptide synthesis.
Initiation involves the coming together of mRNA, the first tRNA, and the ribosomal subunits to start the synthesis of a polypeptide chain.
What happens during the elongation phase of translation?
A succession of tRNAs add their amino acids to the polypeptide chain as the mRNA is moved through the ribosome, one codon at a time.
How is termination of protein synthesis signaled in translation?
The ribosome recognizes a stop codon, leading to the termination and release of the polypeptide chain.
What happens when the ribosome encounters a stop codon during translation?
The polypeptide chain is terminated and released from the ribosome.
Explain the role of the ribosomal subunits in protein synthesis.
The ribosomal subunits come together to form the ribosome, where translation occurs.
How does the mRNA move through the ribosome during translation?
The mRNA is moved through the ribosome one codon at a time as tRNAs add their amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain.
What is the significance of the start codon in translation?
The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and the initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
Test your knowledge on the protein synthesis process, including the attachment of mRNA to a ribosome, formation of complex with initiator tRNA, and elongation steps involving base pairing between codons and anticodons.
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