Protein Synthesis Process
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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of EF-Tu binding to GDP?

  • Hydrolysis of GTP to GDP
  • Formation of a peptide bond
  • Release of the amino acid
  • Dissociation of EF-Tu from the ribosome (correct)

    • What is the role of EF-Tu in protein synthesis?

  • To hydrolyze GTP to GDP
  • To carry amino acids to the ribosome (correct)
  • To catalyze peptide bond formation
  • To bind to the ribosome

    • What is the function of the 30s subunit in protein synthesis?

  • To bind to the ribosome
  • To read the messenger RNA (correct)
  • To catalyze peptide bond formation
  • To carry amino acids

    • What is the role of TF-Tu in protein synthesis?

    <p>To exchange EF-Tu-GDP for EF-Tu-GTP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the interaction between EF-Tu and the ribosome?

    <p>Delivery of the amino acid to the ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of EF-4 in protein synthesis?

    <p>To back-translocate the ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of EF-Tu hydrolyzing GTP to GDP?

    <p>Dissociation of EF-Tu from the ribosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Protein Synthesis

    • Initiation: Begins with the binding of the initiator tRNA to the small subunit of the ribosome, forming a complex with the mRNA.
    • Prokaryotic Initiation: Involves the binding of the 30s subunit to the mRNA, forming a initiation complex.
    • A-site: The site on the ribosome where the aminoacyl-tRNA binds during protein synthesis.
    • P-site: The site on the ribosome where the peptidyl-tRNA binds during protein synthesis.

    Elongation

    • Elongation Cycle: Consists of three stages: amino acid binding, peptide bond formation, and translocation.
    • EF-Tu: A protein that plays a crucial role in the elongation cycle by bringing the aminoacyl-tRNA to the ribosome.
    • EF-G: A protein that facilitates the translocation of the ribosome along the mRNA during protein synthesis.
    • GDP: A molecule that plays a role in the elongation cycle by binding to EF-Tu and EF-G.

    Termination

    • Stop Codons: Specific sequences of nucleotides that signal the termination of protein synthesis.
    • Release Factors: Proteins that bind to the stop codons and facilitate the release of the polypeptide chain from the ribosome.
    • Termination Complex: The complex formed by the release factors and the ribosome during protein synthesis.

    tRNA Binding

    • Tucn Binding: The binding of the tRNA to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
    • Pepthyl-tRNA: The tRNA that carries the peptide chain during protein synthesis.
    • EF-Tu-toxta: The interaction between EF-Tu and the tRNA during protein synthesis.

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    Description

    Learn about the different stages of protein synthesis, including initiation, elongation, and the role of ribosomes and tRNA.

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