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Questions and Answers
The enzyme adding amino acids to form proteins in a ribosome is a
The enzyme adding amino acids to form proteins in a ribosome is a
- enolase
- synthase
- synthetase
- transferase (correct)
To bind to RER, the ribosome requires
To bind to RER, the ribosome requires
- tRNA
- RBS
- GTP
- SRP (correct)
The enzyme adding amino acids to tRNA is a
The enzyme adding amino acids to tRNA is a
- synthase
- synthetase
- transferase (correct)
- enolase
The RNA carrying the codon is the
The RNA carrying the codon is the
The decoding of mRNA is performed by the
The decoding of mRNA is performed by the
N-formyl Met is part of the
N-formyl Met is part of the
A charged tRNA means it has
A charged tRNA means it has
Addition of amino acids to form the polypeptide
Addition of amino acids to form the polypeptide
The stop codon in translation
The stop codon in translation
A heritable change in genetic material is called
A heritable change in genetic material is called
A mutation from a purine to a pyrimidine is called
A mutation from a purine to a pyrimidine is called
A mutation from a purine to another purine is called
A mutation from a purine to another purine is called
Missense is
Missense is
A mutation in which one base is deleted is called
A mutation in which one base is deleted is called
Sickle cell anemia is an example of a point mutation that is
Sickle cell anemia is an example of a point mutation that is
In sickle cell anemia Glu is changed to
In sickle cell anemia Glu is changed to
When a mutation involves more than 50 base pairs (bp) is called
When a mutation involves more than 50 base pairs (bp) is called
A copy number variation refers to differences in I number of copies of a
A copy number variation refers to differences in I number of copies of a
The constant internal environment is also known as
The constant internal environment is also known as
Regulatory proteins bind to DNA modulating the binding of
Regulatory proteins bind to DNA modulating the binding of
The binding motifs that regulate gene expression are present in the
The binding motifs that regulate gene expression are present in the
A metal that is part of a DNA-binding motif is
A metal that is part of a DNA-binding motif is
Genes involved in the same metabolic pathway are called
Genes involved in the same metabolic pathway are called
The lac operon does not include an enzyme type
The lac operon does not include an enzyme type
In the presence of allolactose
In the presence of allolactose
The Irp repressor has a motif that is
The Irp repressor has a motif that is
The role of promoters in eukaryotes'
The role of promoters in eukaryotes'
Enhancers are
Enhancers are
The only ones that are not physically independent substances are the
The only ones that are not physically independent substances are the
High levels of DNA methylation indicate an
High levels of DNA methylation indicate an
Basis of epigenetics are alterations in
Basis of epigenetics are alterations in
Posttranscription is not done with
Posttranscription is not done with
One common e of miRNA and siRNA is that both
One common e of miRNA and siRNA is that both
Proteins are degraded specifically in the
Proteins are degraded specifically in the
The enzyme used to introduce ubiquitin into proteins is a
The enzyme used to introduce ubiquitin into proteins is a
CRISP/Cas9 is used to
CRISP/Cas9 is used to
To make DNA of exons only, one has to use
To make DNA of exons only, one has to use
PCR was created in
PCR was created in
The first recombinant DNA was made in
The first recombinant DNA was made in
Reverse transcriptase makes
Reverse transcriptase makes
Flashcards
Enzyme adding amino acids to proteins
Enzyme adding amino acids to proteins
Synthetase is the enzyme responsible for adding amino acids to form proteins in ribosomes.
Ribosome binding to RER
Ribosome binding to RER
Ribosomes bind to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with the help of signal recognition particle (SRP).
Enzyme adding amino acids to tRNA
Enzyme adding amino acids to tRNA
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase is the enzyme that attaches amino acids to tRNA molecules.
RNA carrying the codon
RNA carrying the codon
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mRNA decoding
mRNA decoding
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Initiator tRNA of prokaryotes
Initiator tRNA of prokaryotes
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Charged tRNA
Charged tRNA
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Amino acid attachment site
Amino acid attachment site
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Protein synthesis site
Protein synthesis site
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Stop codon in translation
Stop codon in translation
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Heritable change in genetic material
Heritable change in genetic material
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Purine to pyrimidine change
Purine to pyrimidine change
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Purine to purine change
Purine to purine change
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Missense mutation
Missense mutation
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Base deletion
Base deletion
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Point mutation
Point mutation
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Sickle cell anemia
Sickle cell anemia
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Variable number of copies mutation
Variable number of copies mutation
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Constant internal environment
Constant internal environment
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Regulatory proteins in DNA binding
Regulatory proteins in DNA binding
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Metal in DNA binding motif
Metal in DNA binding motif
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Genes in same pathway
Genes in same pathway
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Lac operon enzyme
Lac operon enzyme
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Allolactose effect
Allolactose effect
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Promoters in eukaryotes
Promoters in eukaryotes
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Mechanism of promoters
Mechanism of promoters
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Study Notes
Protein synthesis and Ribosomes
- Amino acid addition to proteins in ribosomes is done by synthetase enzymes, not synthase, transferase, or enolase.
- Ribosomes need SRP (signal recognition particle) and GTP to bind to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).
- Transfer RNA (tRNA) is where amino acids are attached to by enzymes.
RNA Codon
- Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the codon.
- Translation decoding is performed by the ribosome's small subunit.
- The large subunit also functions in translation.
Initiation and Modification
- N-formylmethionine (fMet) is part of the initiator tRNA in prokaryotes.
- A charged tRNA has an amino acid attached to its 3' end.
- A charged tRNA isn’t positively or negatively charged, it's part of the structure of the molecule.
Mutations
- Mutations are heritable changes in genetic material.
- A mutation where a purine is changed to a pyrimidine is called a transversion.
- A change in one or more bases in a DNA sequence is a point mutation.
- A mutation where one or more nucleotides are deleted is called an indel or frameshift mutation
Sickle Cell Anemia
- Sickle cell anemia is an example of a point mutation.
- In sickle cell anemia, glutamate is changed to valine.
- Point mutations that result in a change to the amino acid sequence are called missense mutations.
Regulatory Proteins and DNA
- Regulatory proteins and a piece of DNA bind to DNA in the major groove.
- Metal ions, like zinc, are important components in some DNA-binding proteins.
Genetic Material and Transcriptions
- DNA is transcribed into RNA before being translated in proteins.
- miRNA and siRNA are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by causing cleavage or degradation of other RNA molecules.
Enhancers, Promoters, and Proteins
- Promoters bind to areas of DNA to form sites, they encourage the binding of RNA polymerase.
- Enhancers are regions of DNA that increase the transcription of a gene.
- DNA methylation is a type of epigenetic modification that affects gene expression by altering the structure of DNA.
Genetic Analyses
- PCR (polymerase chain reaction) is a technique used to amplify DNA segments.
- Recombinant DNA technology involves combining DNA fragments from different sources.
- Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme that makes cDNA (complementary DNA) from mRNA.
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Description
Test your knowledge on protein synthesis, the role of ribosomes, and the intricate processes involving RNA and mutations. This quiz covers essential concepts such as tRNA, mRNA, and translation mechanisms. Challenge yourself with questions related to amino acid addition and genetic mutations.
